Article

Douglas, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3404-8761, Quaife, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-4613 and Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2025) Exploring a hybrid ensemble–variational data assimilation technique (4DEnVar) with a simple ecosystem carbon model. Environmental Modelling and Software, 186. 106361. ISSN 1873-6726 doi: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2025.106361

Lee, J. C. K., Amezcua, J. and Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2024) Variable-dependent and selective multivariate localization for ensemble-variational data assimilation in the tropics. Monthly Weather Review, 152 (4). pp. 1097-1118. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: 10.1175/MWR-D-23-0201.1

Higgs, I., Skákala, J., Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Carrassi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5600 and Ciavatta, S. (2024) Investigating ecosystem connections in the shelf sea environment using complex networks. Biogeosciences, 21 (3). pp. 731-746. ISSN 1726-4189 doi: 10.5194/bg-21-731-2024

Zhu, J. and Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2023) The Hydro-ABC model (version 2.0): a simplified convective-scale model with moist dynamics. Geoscientific Model Development, 16 (21). pp. 6067-6085. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: 10.5194/gmd-16-6067-2023

Dong, B., Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Chen, Y. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2319-6937, Fowler, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-3948 and Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374 (2023) Simplified Kalman smoother and ensemble Kalman smoother for improving reanalyses. Geoscientific Model Development, 16. pp. 4233-4247. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: 10.5194/gmd-16-4233-2023

Williams, N., Byrne, N., Feltham, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-014X, Van Leeuwen, P. J., Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Schroeder, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4306, Ridout, A. and Nerger, L. (2023) The effects of assimilating a sub-grid scale sea ice thickness distribution in a new Arctic sea ice data assimilation system. The Cryosphere, 17 (6). pp. 2509-2532. ISSN 1994-0424 doi: 10.5194/tc-17-2509-2023

Hu, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4305-3658, Dance, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-3338, Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Chipilski, H. G., Guillet, O., Macpherson, B., Weissmann, M. and Yussouf, N. (2023) Progress, challenges and future steps in data assimilation for convection-permitting numerical weather prediction: report on the virtual meeting held on 10 and 12 November 2021. Atmospheric Science Letters, 24 (1). e1130. ISSN 1530-261X doi: 10.1002/asl.1130

Lee, J. C. K., Amezcua, J. and Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2022) Hybrid ensemble-variational data assimilation in ABC-DA within a tropical framework. Geoscientific Model Development, 15 (15). pp. 6197-6219. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: 10.5194/gmd-2022-3

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2021) Balance conditions in variational data assimilation for a high-resolution forecast model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 147 (738). ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.4106

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2020) The ABC-DA system (v1.4): a variational data assimilation system for convective-scale assimilation research with a study of the impact of a balance constraint. Geoscientific Model Development, 13 (8). pp. 3789-3816. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: 10.5194/gmd-13-3789-2020

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Chipilski, H. and Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 (2020) Techniques and challenges in the assimilation of atmospheric water observations for numerical weather prediction towards convective scales. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 146 (726). pp. 1-48. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.3652

Dance, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-3338, Ballard, S. P., Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Darlington, T., Flack, D. L. A., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Hawkness-Smith, L., Husnoo, N., Illingworth, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-8410, Kelly, G. A., Lean, H. W., Li, D., Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220, Nicol, J. C., Oxley, A., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Roberts, N. M., Roulstone, I., Simonin, D., Thompson, R. J. and Waller, J. A. (2019) Improvements in forecasting intense rainfall: results from the FRANC (forecasting rainfall exploiting new data assimilation techniques and novel observations of convection) project. Atmosphere, 10 (3). 125. ISSN 2073-4433 doi: 10.3390/atmos10030125

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Migliorini, S., Rudd, A. C. and Baker, L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488 (2018) Methods of investigating forecast error sensitivity to ensemble size in a limited-area convection-permitting ensemble. Geoscientific Model Development Discussions. 260. ISSN 1991-962X doi: 10.5194/gmd-2017-260

Petrie, R. E., Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and Cullen, M. J. P. (2017) The “ABC model”: a non-hydrostatic toy model for use in convective-scale data assimilation investigations. Geoscientific Model Development, 10. pp. 4419-4441. ISSN 1991-959X doi: 10.5194/gmd-10-4419-2017

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2017) A review of operational methods of variational and ensemble-variational data assimilation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 143 (703). pp. 607-633. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.2982

Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2015) How is the balance of a forecast ensemble affected by adaptive and non-adaptive localization schemes? Monthly Weather Review, 143 (9). pp. 3680-3699. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: 10.1175/MWR-D-14-00379.1

Baker, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Rudd, A., Migliorini, S. and Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2014) Representation of model error in a convective-scale ensemble prediction system. Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics, 21. pp. 19-39. ISSN 1023-5809 doi: 10.5194/npg-21-19-2014 (special issue 'Ensemble methods in geophysical sciences')

Fowler, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-3948, Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and Eyre, J. (2012) A new floating model level scheme for the assimilation of boundary layer top inversions: the univariate assimilation of temperature. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138 (664A). pp. 682-698. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.955

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Migliorini, S. and Dixon, M. A. G. (2011) Ensemble prediction for nowcasting with a convection-permitting model - II: forecast error statistics. Tellus Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 63 (3). pp. 497-512. ISSN 0280-6495 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00500.x

Migliorini, S., Dixon, M., Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and Ballard, S. (2011) Ensemble prediction for nowcasting with a convection-permitting model—I: description of the system and the impact of radar-derived surface precipitation rates. Tellus Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 63 (3). pp. 468-496. ISSN 0280-6495 doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0870.2010.00503.x

Katz, D., Lawless, A. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-6568, Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220, Cullen, M. J. P. and Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2011) Correlations of control variables in variational data assimilation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (656). pp. 620-630. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.798 (Part A)

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2011) Issues in the assimilation of the sources of a trace gas by inverse modelling. Computers & Fluids, 46 (1). pp. 106-112. ISSN 0045-7930 doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2010.11.017

Petrie, R. E. and Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2011) A method for merging flow-dependent forecast error statistics from an ensemble with static statistics for use in high resolution variational data assimilation. Computers & Fluids, 46 (1). pp. 387-391. ISSN 0045-7930 doi: 10.1016/j.compfluid.2011.01.037

Fowler, A. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-3948, Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and Eyre, J. (2010) Characterising the background errors for the boundary-layer capping inversion. Australian Meteorological and Oceanographic Journal, 59. pp. 17-24. ISSN 1836-716X

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Katz, D., Cullen, M. J. P., Lawless, A. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-6568 and Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 (2008) Modelling of forecast errors in geophysical fluid flows. International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids, 56 (8). pp. 1147-1153. ISSN 0271-2091 doi: 10.1002/fld.1618

Bannister, R.N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2008) A review of forecast error covariance statistics in atmospheric variational data assimilation. I: Characteristics and measurements of forecast error covariances. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (637). pp. 1951-1970. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.339

Bannister, R.N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2008) A review of forecast error covariance statistics in atmospheric variational data assimilation. II: Modelling the forecast error covariance statistics. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (637). pp. 1971-1996. ISSN 1477-870X doi: 10.1002/qj.340

Bannister, R.N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2007) Can wavelets improve the representation of forecast error covariances in variational data assimilation? Monthly Weather Review, 135 (2). pp. 387-408. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: 10.1175/MWR3279.1

Geer, A. J., Peubey, C., Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Brugge, R., Jackson, D. R., Lahoz, W. A., Migliorini, S., O'Neill, A. and Swinbank, R. (2006) Assimilation of stratospheric ozone from MIPAS into a global general-circulation model: The September 2002 vortex split. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132 (614). pp. 231-257. ISSN 1477-870X

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, O'Neill, A., Gregory, A. R. and Nissen, K. M. (2004) The role of the south-east Asian monsoon and other seasonal features in creating the 'tape-recorder' signal in the Unified Model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 130 (599). pp. 1531-1554. ISSN 1477-870X

Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2003) The method of least squares used to invert an orbit problem. American Journal of Physics, 71 (12). pp. 1268-1275. ISSN 0002-9505 doi: 10.1119/1.1613270

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and d'Ambrumenil, N. (2000) Spectral functions of half-filled one-dimensional Hubbard rings with varying boundary conditions. Physical Review B, 61 (7). pp. 4651-4658. ISSN 1550-235X doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.61.4651

Book or Report Section

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2010) The role of balance in data assimilation. In: Fitt, A. D., Norbury, J., Ockendon, H. and Wilson, E. (eds.) Progress in Industrial Mathematics at ECMI 2008. Mathematics in Industry (15). Springer, pp. 393-399. ISBN 9783642121098

Bannister, R. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Katz, D., Cullen, M. J. P., Lawless, A. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-6568 and Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 (2007) Modelling of forecast errors in geophysical fluid flows. In: Proceedings of the Ninth International ICFD Conference on Numerical Methods for Fluid Dynamics, March 26 – 29, 2007. ICFD, Reading.

Report

Lahoz, W.A., Migliorini, R., Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297, Brugge, R. and O'Neill, A., (2003) Evaluation of Envisat data using a NWP system: a vortex-centred view. UNSPECIFIED

Conference or Workshop Item

Bannister, R.N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 and Cullen, M.J.P. (2007) A regime-dependent balanced control variable based on potential vorticity. In: ECMWF Workshop on Flow-dependent aspects of data assimilation, 11-13 June 2007, ECMWF, Reading, UK, pp. 101-112.