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Neshatdoust, S., Saunders, C., Castle, S. M., Vauzour, D., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Butler, L., Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2016) High-flavonoid intake induces cognitive improvement linked to changes in serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor: two randomised,controlled trials. Nutrition and Healthy Ageing, 4 (1). pp. 81-93. ISSN 2451-9502 doi: https://doi.org/10.3233/NHA-1615

Bell, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0677-021X, Lamport, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Butler, L. and Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2015) A review of the cognitive effects observed in humans following acute supplementation with flavonoids, and their associated mechanisms of action. Nutrients, 7 (12). pp. 10290-10306. ISSN 2072-6643 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/nu7125538

Lamport, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Pal, D., Moutsiana, C., Field, D. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-8404, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Butler, L. T. (2015) The effect of flavanol-rich cocoa on cerebral perfusion in healthy older adults during conscious resting state: a placebo controlled, crossover, acute trial. Psychopharmacology, 232 (17). pp. 3327-3234. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-015-3972-4

Kean, R. J., Lamport, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Dodd, G. F., Freeman, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6457-8171, Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Ellis, J., Butler, L. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2015) Chronic consumption of flavanone-rich orange juice is associated with cognitive benefits: an 8-wk randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy older adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 101 (3). pp. 506-514. ISSN 0002-9165 doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.088518

Whyte, A. and Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2015) A pilot study investigating the effects of a single dose of a flavonoid-rich blueberry drink on memory in 8-10 year old children. Nutrition, 31 (3). pp. 531-534. ISSN 0899-9007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2014.09.013

Hill, A., Jones, N., Smith, I., Hill, C., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Stephens, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238 and Whalley, B. (2014) Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channel blockade by plant cannabinoids does not confer anticonvulsant effects per se. Neuroscience Letters, 566. pp. 269-274. ISSN 0304-3940 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2014.03.013

Rendeiro, C., Foley, A., Lau, V. C., Ring, R., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Vauzour, D., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Regan, C. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) A role for hippocampal PSA-NCAM and NMDA-NR2B receptor function in flavonoid-induced spatial memory improvements in young rats. Neuropharmacology, 79. pp. 335-344. ISSN 0028-3908 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.12.003

Rendeiro, C., Vauzour, D., Rattray, M., Waffo-Téguo, P., Mérillon, J. M., Butler, L. T., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) Dietary levels of pure flavonoids improve spatial memory performance and increase hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor. PLoS ONE, 8 (5). e63535. ISSN 1932-6203 doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063535

Corona, G., Vauzour, D., Hercelin, J., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) Phenolic acid intake, delivered via moderate champagne wine consumption, improves spatial working memory via the modulation of hippocampal and cortical protein expression/activation. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 19 (4). pp. 1676-1689. ISSN 1523-0864 doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5142

Amada, N., Yamasaki, Y., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Whalley, B. (2013) Cannabidivarin (CBDV) suppresses pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced increases in epilepsy-related gene expression. PeerJ. 1:e214. ISSN 2167-8359 doi: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.214

Hill, T., Cascio, M., Romano, B., Duncan, M., Pertwee, R., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Whalley, B. and Hill, A. (2013) Cannabidivarin-rich cannabis extracts are anticonvulsant in mouse and rat via a CB 1 receptor-independent mechanism. British Journal of Pharmacology, 170 (3). pp. 679-692. ISSN 1476-5381 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/bph.12321

Rendeiro, C., Vauzour, D., Kean, R. J., Butler, L. T., Rattray, M., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2012) Blueberry supplementation induces spatial memory improvements and region-specific regulation of hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression in young rats. Psychopharmacology, 223 (3). pp. 319-330. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-012-2719-8

Hill, A. J., Mercier, M. S., Hill, T. D., Glyn, S. E., Jones, N. A., Yamasaki, Y., Futamura, T., Duncan, M., Stott, C.G., Stephens, G.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Whalley, B.J. (2012) Cannabidivarin is anticonvulsant in mouse and rat in vitro and in seizure models. British Journal of Pharmacology, 167 (8). pp. 1629-1642. ISSN 0007-1188 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.02207.x

Jones, N. A., Glyn, S. E., Akiyama, S., Hill, T. D. M., Hill, A. J., Weston, S. E., Burnett, M. D. A., Yamasaki, Y., Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238, Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2012) Cannabidiol exerts anti-convulsant effects in animal models of temporal lobe and partial seizures. Seizure, 21 (5). pp. 344-352. ISSN 1059-1311 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2012.03.001

Farrimond, J. A., Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2012) Cannabinol and cannabidiol exert opposing effects on rat feeding patterns. Psychopharmacology, 223 (1). pp. 117-129. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-012-2697-x

Rendeiro, C., Guerreiro, J. D.T., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2012) Flavonoids as modulators of memory and learning: molecular interactions resulting in behavioural effects. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 71 (2). pp. 246-262. ISSN 1475-2719 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665112000146

Farrimond, J. A., Whalley, B. and Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2012) Non-D9-tetrahydrocannabinol phytocannabinoids stimulate feeding in rats. Behavioural Pharmacology, 23 (1). pp. 113-117. ISSN 0955-8810 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e32834ed832

Hill, A. J., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Whalley, B. J. and Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238 (2012) Phytocannabinoids as novel therapeutic agents in CNS disorders. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 133 (1). pp. 79-97. ISSN 0163-7258 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2011.09.002

Vauzour, D., Corona, G., Hercelin, J., Garnotel, R., Gillery, P., Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2011) Potential health effects of Champagne wine consumption. Journal of Wine Research, 22 (2). pp. 175-180. ISSN 1469-9672 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09571264.2011.603251

Field, D. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-8404, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Butler, L. T. (2011) Consumption of cocoa flavanols results in an acute improvement in visual and cognitive functions. Physiology & Behavior, 103 (3-4). pp. 255-260. ISSN 0031-9384 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.02.013

Farrimond, J. A., Mercier, M. S., Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2011) Cannabis sativa and the endogenous cannabinoid system: therapeutic potential for appetite regulation. Phytotherapy Research, 25 (2). pp. 170-188. ISSN 0951-418X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/ptr.3375

Farrimond, J., Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2010) A low delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol cannabis extract induces hyperphagia in rats. Behavioural Pharmacology, 21 (8). pp. 769-772. ISSN 0955-8810 doi: https://doi.org/10.1097/FBP.0b013e328340a062

Hill, A. J., Weston, S. E., Jones, N., Smith, I., Bevan , S., Williamson, E. M., Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Whalley, B. J. (2010) Δ9-tetrahydrocannabivarin suppresses in vitro epileptiform and in vivo seizure activity in adult rat. Epilepsia, 51 (8). pp. 1522-1532. ISSN 0013-9580 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02523.x

Farrimond, J., Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2010) Cannabis constituents modulate ∆9-tetrahydrocannabinol-induced hyperphagia in rats. Psychopharmacology, 210 (1). pp. 97-106. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-010-1821-z

Jones, N. A., Hill, A. J., Smith, I., Bevan, S. A., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Whalley, B. J. and Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238 (2010) Cannabidiol displays antiepileptiform and antiseizure properties in vitro and in vivo. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 332 (2). pp. 569-577. ISSN 0022-3565 doi: https://doi.org/10.1124/jpet.109.159145

Hill, A. J., Jones, N., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238 and Whalley, B. J. (2010) Development of multi-electrode array screening for anticonvulsants in acute rat brain slices. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 185 (2). 246 -256 . ISSN 0165-0270 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.10.007

Macready, A. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, Butler, L. T., Kennedy, O. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Ellis, J. A., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Cognitive tests used in chronic adult human randomised controlled trial micronutrient and phytochemical intervention studies. Nutrition Research Reviews, 23 (2). pp. 200-229. ISSN 0954-4224 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422410000119

Hanmer, L. A., Riddell, P. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-2057 and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2010) Using a runway paradigm to assess the relative strength of rats' motivations for enrichment objects. Behavior Research Methods, 42 (2). pp. 517-524. ISSN 1554-351X doi: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.42.2.517

Hill, A.J., Jones, N.A., Williams, C.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Stephens, G.J. and Whalley, B.J. (2009) Development of multi-electrode array screening for anticonvulsants in acute rat brain slices. Journal of Neuroscience Methods, 185 (2). pp. 246-256. ISSN 0165-0270 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2009.10.007.

Macready, A. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, Kennedy, O. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Ellis, J. A., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Butler, L. T. (2009) Flavonoids and cognitive function: a review of human randomized controlled trial studies and recommendations for future studies. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 227-242. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0135-4

Farrimond, J., Hill, A. J., Jones, N., Stephens, G. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8966-4238, Whalley, B. J. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2009) A cost-effective high-throughput digital system for observation and acquisition of animal behavioral data. Behavior Research Methods, 41 (2). pp. 446-451. ISSN 1554-351X doi: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.2.446

Farrimond, J.A., Hill, A.J., Jones, N.A., Stephens, G.J., Whalley, B.J. and Williams, C.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2009) A cost-effective high-throughput digital system for observation and acquisition of animal behavioral data. Behavior Research Methods, 41 (2). pp. 446-451. ISSN 1554-351X doi: https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.41.2.446

Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Hanmer, L. A. and Riddell, P. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-2057 (2009) The effect of the functional attributes of objects within the caged environment on interaction time in laboratory rats. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 120 (3-4). pp. 208-215. ISSN 0168-1591 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2009.06.004

Rendeiro, C., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Vauzour, D., Butler, L. T., Ellis, J. A. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2009) The impact of flavonoids on spatial memory in rodents: from behaviour to underlying hippocampal mechanisms. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 251-270. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0137-2

Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, El Mohsen, M. A., Vauzour, D., Rendeiro, C., Butler, L. T., Ellis, J. A., Whiteman, M. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Blueberry-induced changes in spatial working memory correlate with changes in hippocampal CREB phosphorylation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 45 (3). pp. 295-305. ISSN 1873-4596 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.008

Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Riddell, P. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4916-2057 and Scott, L. A. (2008) Comparison of preferences for object properties in the rat using paired- and free-choice paradigms. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 112 (1-2). pp. 146-157. ISSN 0168-1591 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2007.07.013

Kirkham, T.C. and Williams, C.M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2004) Endocannabinoid receptor antagonists: potential for obesity treatment. Treatments in Endocrinology, 3 (6). pp. 345-60. ISSN 1175-6349

Higgs, S., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Kirkham, T. C. (2003) Cannabinoid influences on palatability: microstructural analysis of sucrose drinking after Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol, anandamide, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and SR141716. Psychopharmacology, 165 (4). pp. 370-377. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-002-1263-3

Kirkham, T. C., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Fezza, F. and Marzo, V. D. (2002) Endocannabinoid levels in rat limbic forebrain and hypothalamus in relation to fasting, feeding and satiation: stimulation of eating by 2-arachidonoyl glycerol. British Journal of Pharmacology, 136 (4). pp. 550-557. ISSN 0007-1188 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.bjp.0704767

Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Kirkham, T. C. (2002) Observational analysis of feeding induced by Δ9-THC and anandamide. Physiology & Behavior, 76 (2). pp. 241-250. ISSN 0031-9384 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0031-9384(02)00725-4

Kirkham, T. C. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2001) Endogenous cannabinoids and appetite. Nutrition Research Reviews, 14 (1). pp. 65-86. ISSN 0954-4224

Kirkham, T. C. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2001) Synergistic efects of opioid and cannabinoid antagonists on food intake. Psychopharmacology, 153 (2). pp. 267-270. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s002130000596

Book or Report Section

Turner, S. E., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Iversen, L. and Whalley, B. J. (2017) Molecular pharmacology of phytocannabinoids. In: Kinghorn, A. D., Falk, H., Gibbons, S. and Kobayashi, J.'i. (eds.) Phytocannabinoids. Progress in the Chemistry of Organic Natural Products, 103. Springer, pp. 61-101. ISBN 9783319455396 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45541-9_3