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Vogiatzoglou, A., Mulligan, A. A., Bhaniani, A., Lentjes, M. A. H., McTaggart, A., Luben, R. N., Heiss, C., Kelm, M., Merx, M. W., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Schroeter, H., Khaw, K.-T. and Kuhnle, G. G. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931 (2015) Associations between flavan-3-ol intake and CVD risk in the Norfolk cohort of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer (EPIC-Norfolk). Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 84. pp. 1-10. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.03.005

Kean, R. J., Lamport, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Dodd, G. F., Freeman, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6457-8171, Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Ellis, J., Butler, L. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2015) Chronic consumption of flavanone-rich orange juice is associated with cognitive benefits: an 8-wk randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy older adults. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 101 (3). pp. 506-514. ISSN 0002-9165 doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.088518

Cifuentes-Gomez, T., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Gonzalez-Salvador, I., Alañon, M. E. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2015) Factors affecting the absorption, metabolism, and excretion of cocoa flavanols in humans. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 63 (35). pp. 7615-7623. ISSN 1520-5118 doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00443

Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Hezel, M., Aydin, H., Kelm, M., Lundberg, J. O., Weitzberg, E., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Heiss, C. (2015) Interactions between cocoa flavanols and inorganic nitrate: additive effects on endothelial function at achievable dietary amounts. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 80. pp. 121-128. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.12.009

Sansone, R., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Heuel, J., Falk, D., Schuler, D., Wagstaff, R., Kuhnle, G. G. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Schroeter, H., Merx, M. W., Kelm, M. and Heiss, C. (2015) Cocoa flavanol intake improves endothelial function and Framingham Risk Score in healthy men and women: a randomised, controlled, double-masked trial: the Flaviola Health Study. British Journal of Nutrition, 114 (8). pp. 1246-1255. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515002822

Eid, N., Osmanova, H., Natchez, C., Walton, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5635, Costabile, A., Gibson, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476, Rowland, I. and Spencer, J. P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2015) Impact of palm date consumption on microbiota growth and large intestinal health: a randomised, controlled, cross-over, human intervention study. British Journal of Nutrition, 114 (8). pp. 1226-1236. ISSN 1475-2662 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515002780

Lockyer, S., Corona, G., Yaqoob, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6716-7599, Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Rowland, I. (2015) Secoiridoids delivered as olive leaf extract induce acute improvements in human vascular function and reduction of an inflammatory cytokine: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial. British Journal of Nutrition, 114 (01). pp. 75-83. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114515001269

Toro-Funes, N., Morales-Gutiérrez, F. J., Veciana-Nogués, M. T., Vidal-Carou, M. C., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Rodriguez-Mateos, A. (2015) The intracellular metabolism of isoflavones in endothelial cells. Food & Function, 6 (1). pp. 97-107. ISSN 2042-650X doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/c4fo00772g

Lamport, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Saunders, C., Butler, L. T. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) Fruits, vegetables, 100% juice, and cognitive function. Nutrition Reviews, 72 (12). pp. 774-789. ISSN 1753-4887 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12149

Eid, N., Enani, S., Walton, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5635, Corona, G., Costabile, A., Gibson, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476, Rowland, I. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) The impact of date palm fruits and their component polyphenols, on gut microbial ecology, bacterial metabolites and colon cancer cell proliferation. Journal of nutritional science, 3. e46. ISSN 2048-6790 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jns.2014.16

Vauzour, D., Pinto, J. T., Cooper, A. J. L. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) The neurotoxicity of 5-S-cysteinyldopamine is mediated by the early activation of ERK1/2 followed by the subsequent activation of ASK1/JNK1/2 pro-apoptotic signalling. Biochemical Journal, 463 (1). pp. 41-52. ISSN 0264-6021 doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20131519

Rendeiro, C., Foley, A., Lau, V. C., Ring, R., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Vauzour, D., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Regan, C. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) A role for hippocampal PSA-NCAM and NMDA-NR2B receptor function in flavonoid-induced spatial memory improvements in young rats. Neuropharmacology, 79. pp. 335-344. ISSN 0028-3908 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.12.003

de Jager, C. A., Dye, L., de Bruin, E. A., Butler, L., Fletcher, J., Lamport, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4592-0439, Latulippe, M. E., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Wesnes, K. (2014) Criteria for validation and selection of cognitive tests for investigating the effects of foods and nutrients. Nutrition reviews, 72 (3). pp. 162-179. ISSN 1753-4887 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nure.12094

Macready, A. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, George, T. W., Chong, M. F., Alimbetov, D. S., Jin, Y., Vidal, A., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Kennedy, O. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Tuohy, K. M., Minihane, A. M., Gordon, M. H. and Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 (2014) Flavonoid-rich fruits and vegetables improve microvascular reactivity and inflammatory status in men at risk of cardiovascular disease – FLAVURS: a randomized controlled trial. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 99 (3). pp. 479-489. ISSN 1938-3207 doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.113.074237

Eid, N., Walton, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5635, Costabile, A., Kuhnle, G. G. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931 and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2014) Polyphenols, glucosinolates, dietary fibre and colon cancer: Understanding the potential of specific types of fruit and vegetables to reduce bowel cancer progression. Nutrition and Aging, 2 (1). pp. 45-67. ISSN 1879-7725 doi: https://doi.org/10.3233/NUA-130029

Vogiatzoglou, A., Mulligan, A. A., Luben, R. N., Lentjes, M. A. H., Heiss, C., Kelm, M., Merx, M. W., Spencer, J. P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Schroeter, H. and Kuhnle, G. G.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931 (2013) Assessment of the dietary intake of total flavan-3-ols, monomeric flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins and theaflavins in the European Union. British Journal of Nutrition, 111 (08). pp. 1463-1473. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114513003930

Wright, B., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Gibbins, J. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-5352 (2013) Flavonoid inhibitory pharmacodynamics on platelet function in physiological environments. Food & Function, 4 (12). pp. 1803-1810. ISSN 2042-650X doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/C3FO60272A

Savignac, H. M., Corona, G., Mills, H., Chen, L., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Tzortzis, G. and Burnet, P. W.J. (2013) Prebiotic feeding elevates central brain derived neurotrophic factor, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits and D-serine. Neurochemistry International, 63 (8). pp. 756-764. ISSN 0197-0186 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuint.2013.10.006

Rendeiro, C., Vauzour, D., Rattray, M., Waffo-Téguo, P., Mérillon, J. M., Butler, L. T., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) Dietary levels of pure flavonoids improve spatial memory performance and increase hippocampal brain-derived neurotrophic factor. PLoS ONE, 8 (5). e63535. ISSN 1932-6203 doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0063535

Corona, G., Vauzour, D., Hercelin, J., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) Phenolic acid intake, delivered via moderate champagne wine consumption, improves spatial working memory via the modulation of hippocampal and cortical protein expression/activation. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 19 (4). pp. 1676-1689. ISSN 1523-0864 doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2012.5142

Chong, M. F.-F., George, T., Alimbetov, D., Jin, Y., Weech, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1738-877X, Macready, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Kennedy, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Minihane, A. M., Gordon, M. and Lovegrove, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 (2013) Impact of the quantity and flavonoid content of fruits and vegetables on markers of intake in adults with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease: the FLAVURS Trial. European Journal of Nutrition, 52 (1). pp. 361-378. ISSN 1436-6215 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-012-0343-3

Eid, N. M. S., Al-Awadi, B., Vauzour, D., Oruna-Concha, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-1592 and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) Effect of cultivar type and ripening on the polyphenol content of date palm fruit. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 61 (10). pp. 2453-2460. ISSN 0021-8561 doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf303951e

Wright, B., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Gibbins, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-5352 (2013) Insights into dietary flavonoids as molecular templates for the design of anti-platelet drugs. Cardiovascular Research, 97 (1). pp. 13-22. ISSN 0008-6363 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/cvr/cvs304

Mills, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8313-3700, Oruna-Concha, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-1592, Mottram, D. S., Gibson, G. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476 and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2013) The effect of processing on chlorogenic acid content of commercially available coffee. Food Chemistry, 141 (4). pp. 3335-3340. ISSN 0308-8146 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.06.014

Rodriguez Mateos, A., Oruna-Concha, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-1592, Kwik-Uribe, C., Vidal, A. and Spencer, J. P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2012) Influence of sugar type on the bioavailability of cocoa flavanols. British journal of nutrition, 108 (12). pp. 2243-2250. ISSN 1475-2662 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114512000475

Rendeiro, C., Vauzour, D., Kean, R. J., Butler, L. T., Rattray, M., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2012) Blueberry supplementation induces spatial memory improvements and region-specific regulation of hippocampal BDNF mRNA expression in young rats. Psychopharmacology, 223 (3). pp. 319-330. ISSN 0033-3158 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-012-2719-8

Fox, B., Schantz, J. T., Haigh, R., Wood, M. E., Moore, P. K., Viner, N., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Winyard, P. G. and Whiteman, M. (2012) Inducible hydrogen sulfide synthesis in chondrocytes and mesenchymal progenitor cells: is H2S a novel cytoprotective mediator in the inflamed joint? Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 16 (4). pp. 896-910. ISSN 1582-4934 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1582-4934.2011.01357.x

Hidalgo, M., Oruna-Concha, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-1592, Kolida, S., Walton, G. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5426-5635, Kallithraka, S., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Gibson, G. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476 and de Pascual-Teresa, S. (2012) Metabolism of anthocyanins by human gut microflora and their influence on gut bacterial growth. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 60 (15). pp. 3882-3890. ISSN 0021-8561 doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf3002153

Rendeiro, C., Guerreiro, J. D.T., Williams, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2012) Flavonoids as modulators of memory and learning: molecular interactions resulting in behavioural effects. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 71 (2). pp. 246-262. ISSN 1475-2719 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665112000146

Spilsbury, A., Vauzour, D., Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Rattray, M. (2012) Regulation of NF-κB activity in astrocytes: effects of flavonoids at dietary-relevant concentrations. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 418. pp. 578-583. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2012.01.081

Lockyer, S., Yaqoob, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6716-7599, Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Rowland, I. (2012) Olive leaf phenolics and cardiovascular risk reduction: Physiological effects and mechanisms of action. Nutrition and Aging, 1 (2). pp. 125-140. ISSN 1879-7725 doi: https://doi.org/10.3233/NUA-2012-0011

Vauzour, D., Corona, G., Hercelin, J., Garnotel, R., Gillery, P., Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455, Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2011) Potential health effects of Champagne wine consumption. Journal of Wine Research, 22 (2). pp. 175-180. ISSN 1469-9672 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/09571264.2011.603251

Pinto, J., Paiva-Martins, F., Corona, G., Debnam, E. S., Oruna-Concha, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7916-1592, Vauzour, D., Gordon, M. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2011) Absorption and metabolism of olive oil secoiridoids in the small intestine. British Journal of Nutrition, 105 (11). pp. 1607-1618. ISSN 1475-2662 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S000711451000526X

Tzounis, X., Rodriguez Mateos, A., Vulevic, J., Gibson, G. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476, Kwik-Uribe, C. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2011) Prebiotic evaluation of cocoa-derived flavanols in healthy humans by using a randomized, controlled, double-blind, crossover intervention study. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 93 (1). pp. 62-72. ISSN 1938-3207 doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.110.000075

Vauzour, D., Houseman, E.J., George, T.W., Corona, G., Garnotel, R., Jackson, K.G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3203, Sellier, C., Gillery, P., Kennedy, O.B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Lovegrove, J.A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Moderate Champagne consumption promotes an acute improvement in acute endothelial-independent vascular function in healthy human volunteers. British Journal of Nutrition, 103 (8). pp. 1168-1178. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114509992959

Wright, B., Gibson, T., Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Lovegrove, J. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Gibbins, J. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0372-5352 (2010) Platelet-mediated metabolism of the common dietary flavonoid, quercetin. PLoS ONE, 5 (3). e9673. ISSN 1932-6203 doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0009673

Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Beyond antioxidants: the cellular and molecular interactions of flavonoids and how these underpin their actions on the brain. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 69 (2). pp. 244-260. ISSN 0029-6651 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665110000054

Vauzour, D., Corona, G. and Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Caffeic acid, tyrosol and p-coumaric acid are potent inhibitors of 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine induced neurotoxicity. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 501 (1). pp. 106-111. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2010.03.016

Macready, A. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, Butler, L. T., Kennedy, O. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Ellis, J. A., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X and Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Cognitive tests used in chronic adult human randomised controlled trial micronutrient and phytochemical intervention studies. Nutrition Research Reviews, 23 (2). pp. 200-229. ISSN 0954-4224 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954422410000119

Incani, A., Deiana, M., Corona, G., Vafeiadou, K., Vauzour, D., Dessi, M. A. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Involvement of ERK, Akt and JNK signalling in H2O2-induced cell injury and protection by hydroxytyrosol and its metabolite homovanillic alcohol. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 54 (6). pp. 788-796. ISSN 1613-4125 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200900098

Schroeter, H., Heiss, C., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Keen, C. L., Lupton, J. R. and Schmitz, H. H. (2010) Recommending flavanols and procyanidins for cardiovascular health: current knowledge and future needs. Molecular Aspects of Medicine, 31 (6). pp. 546-557. ISSN 0098-2997 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2010.09.008

Vauzour, D., Buonfiglio, M., Corona, G., Chirafisi, J., Vafeiadou, K., Angeloni, C., Hrelia, S., Hrelia, P. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) Sulforaphane protects cortical neurons against 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine-induced toxicity through the activation of ERK1/2, Nrf-2 and the upregulation of detoxification enzymes. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 54 (4). pp. 532-542. ISSN 1613-4125 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200900197

Spencer, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2010) The impact of fruit flavonoids on memory and cognition. British Journal of Nutrition, 104 (Supple). S40-S47. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007114510003934

Frank, J., George, T. W., Lodge, J. K., Rodriguez-Mateos, A. M., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Minihane, A. M. and Rimbach, G. (2009) Daily consumption of an aqueous green tea extract supplement does not impair liver function or alter cardiovascular disease risk biomarkers in healthy men. Journal of Nutrition, 139 (1). pp. 58-62. ISSN 0022-3166 doi: https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.096412

Corona, G., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Dessi, M. A. (2009) Extra virgin olive oil phenolics: absorption, metabolism, and biological activities in the GI tract. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 25 (4-5). pp. 285-293. ISSN 0748-2337 doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0748233709102951

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2009) Flavonoids and brain health: multiple effects underpinned by common mechanisms. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 243-250. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0136-3

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Vauzour, D. and Rendeiro, C. (2009) Flavonoids and cognition: The molecular mechanisms underlying their behavioural effects. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 492 (1-2). pp. 1-9. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2009.10.003

Macready, A. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0368-9336, Kennedy, O. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3885-4872, Ellis, J. A., Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Butler, L. T. (2009) Flavonoids and cognitive function: a review of human randomized controlled trial studies and recommendations for future studies. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 227-242. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0135-4

Corona, G., Deiana, M., Incani, A., Vauzour, D., Dessi, M. A. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2009) Hydroxytyrosol inhibits the proliferation of human colon adenocarcinoma cells through inhibition of ERK1/2 and cyclin D1. Molecular Nutrition & Food Research, 53 (7). pp. 897-903. ISSN 1613-4125 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.200800269

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2009) Nutrients and brain health: an overview. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 225-226. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0140-7

Vafeiadou, K., Vauzour, D., Lee, H. Y., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Williams, R. J. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2009) The citrus flavanone naringenin inhibits inflammatory signalling in glial cells and protects against neuroinflammatory injury. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 484 (1). pp. 100-109. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2009.01.016

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2009) The impact of flavonoids on memory: physiological and molecular considerations. Chemical Society Reviews, 38 (4). pp. 1152-1161. ISSN 0306-0012 doi: https://doi.org/10.1039/b800422f

Rendeiro, C., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Vauzour, D., Butler, L. T., Ellis, J. A. and Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X (2009) The impact of flavonoids on spatial memory in rodents: from behaviour to underlying hippocampal mechanisms. Genes and Nutrition, 4 (4). pp. 251-270. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-009-0137-2

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Mohsen, M. M. A., Minihane, A. M. and Mathers, J. C. (2008) Biomarkers of the intake of dietary polyphenols: strengths, limitations and application in nutrition research. British Journal of Nutrition, 99 (1). pp. 12-22. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507798938

Williams, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4452-671X, El Mohsen, M. A., Vauzour, D., Rendeiro, C., Butler, L. T., Ellis, J. A., Whiteman, M. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Blueberry-induced changes in spatial working memory correlate with changes in hippocampal CREB phosphorylation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 45 (3). pp. 295-305. ISSN 1873-4596 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2008.04.008

Whiteman, M., Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Szeto, H. H. and Armstrong, J. S. (2008) Do mitochondriotropic antioxidants prevent chlorinative stress-induced mitochondrial and cellular injury? Antioxidants & Redox Signaling, 10 (3). pp. 641-650. ISSN 1523-0864 doi: https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2007.1879

Tzounis, X., Vulevic, J., Kuhnle, G. G. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, George, T., Leonczak, J., Gibson, G. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476, Kwik-Uribe, C. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Flavanol monomer-induced changes to the human faecal microflora. British Journal of Nutrition, 99 (4). pp. 782-792. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007114507853384

Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Food for thought: the role of dietary flavonoids in enhancing human memory, learning and neuro-cognitive performance. Proceedings of the Nutrition Society, 67 (2). pp. 238-252. ISSN 0029-6651 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/s0029665108007088

Vafeiadou, K., Vauzour, D., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Whiteman, M., Williams, R. J. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Glial metabolism of quercetin reduces its neurotoxic potential. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 478 (2). pp. 195-200. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2008.07.014

Whiteman, M. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Loss of 3-chlorotyrosine by inflammatory oxidants: Implications for the use of 3-chlorotyrosine as a bio-marker in vivo. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 371 (1). pp. 50-53. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.03.153

Rainey-Smith, S., Schroetke, L.W., Bahia, P., Fahmi, A., Skilton, R., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Rice-Evans, C., Rattray, M. and Williams, R.J. (2008) Neuroprotective effects of hesperetin in mouse primary neurones are independent of CREB activation. Neuroscience Letters, 438 (1). pp. 29-33. ISSN 0304-3940 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2008.04.056

Vauzour, D., Ravaioli, G., Vafeiadou, K., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Angeloni, C. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Peroxynitrite induced formation of the neurotoxins 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine and DHBT-1: implications for Parkinson's disease and protection by polyphenols. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 476 (2). pp. 145-151. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2008.03.011

Cooper, A. J. L., Pinto, J. T., Krasnikov, B. F., Niatsetskaya, Z. V., Han, Q., Li, J. Y., Vauzour, D. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) Substrate specificity of human glutamine transaminase K as an aminotransferase and as a cysteine S-conjugate beta-lyase. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 474 (1). pp. 72-81. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2008.02.038

Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K., Rodriguez-Mateos, A., Rendeiro, C. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2008) The neuroprotective potential of flavonoids: a multiplicity of effects. Genes and Nutrition, 3 (3-4). pp. 115-126. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-008-0091-4

Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K., Rice-Evans, C., Williams, R. J. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Activation of pro-survival Akt and ERK1/2 signalling pathways underlie the anti-apoptotic effects of flavanones in cortical neurons. Journal of Neurochemistry, 103 (4). pp. 1355-1367. ISSN 0022-3042 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2007.04841.x

Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K., Corona, G., Pollard, S. E., Tzounis, X. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Champagne wine polyphenols protect primary cortical neurons against peroxynitrite-induced injury. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 55 (8). pp. 2854-2860. ISSN 0021-8561 doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/jf063304z

Schroeter, H., Bahia, P., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Sheppard, O., Rattray, M., Cadenas, E., Rice-Evans, C. and Williams, R.J. (2007) (-)Epicatechin stimulates ERK-dependent cyclic AMP response element activity and up-regulates GluR2 in cortical neurons. Journal of Neurochemistry, 101 (6). pp. 1596-1606. ISSN 0022-3042 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04434.x

Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K., Rice-Evans, C., Cadenas, E. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Inhibition of cellular proliferation by the genistein metabolite 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyisoflavone is mediated by DNA damage and activation of the ATR signalling pathway. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 468 (2). pp. 159-166. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2007.09.021

Corona, G., Deiana, M., Incani, A., Vauzour, D., Dessi, M.A. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Inhibition of p38/CREB phosphorylation and COX-2 expression by olive oil polyphenols underlies their anti-proliferative effects. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 362 (3). pp. 606-611. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.08.049

Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Inhibition of the formation of the neurotoxin 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine by polyphenols. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 362 (2). pp. 340-346. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.07.153

Vafeiadou, K., Vauzour, D. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) Neuroinflammation and its modulation by flavonoids. Endocrine, Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets, 7 (3). pp. 211-224. ISSN 2212-3873

Angeloni, C., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Leoncini, E., Biagi, P.L. and Hrelia, S. (2007) Role of quercetin and its in vivo metabolites in protecting H9c2 cells against oxidative stress. Biochimie, 89 (1). pp. 73-82. ISSN 0300-9084 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biochi.2006.09.006

Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2007) The interactions of flavonoids within neuronal signalling pathways. Genes and Nutrition, 2 (3). pp. 257-273. ISSN 1555-8932 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12263-007-0056-z

Whiteman, M., Chu, S. H., Siau, J. L., Rose, P., Sabapathy, K., Schantz, J. T., Cheung, N. S., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Armstrong, J. S. (2007) The pro-inflammatory oxidant hypochlorous acid induces Bax-dependent mitochondrial permeabilisation and cell death through AIF-/EndoG-dependent pathways. Cellular Signalling, 19 (4). pp. 705-714. ISSN 0898-6568 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2006.08.019

El Mohsen, M.A., Marks, J., Kuhnle, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Moore, K., Debnam, E., Srai, S.K., Rice-Evans, C. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) Absorption, tissue distribution and excretion of pelargonidin and its metabolites following oral administration to rats. British Journal of Nutrition, 95 (1). pp. 51-58. ISSN 1475-2662 doi: https://doi.org/10.1079/BJN20051596

Hernandez-Montes, E., Pollard, S.E., Vauzour, D., Jofre-Montseny, L., Rota, C., Rimbach, G., Weinberg, P.D. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) Activation of glutathione peroxidase via Nrf1 mediates genistein's protection against oxidative endothelial cell injury. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 346 (3). pp. 851-859. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.05.197

El Mohsen, M.A., Bayele, H., Kuhnle, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Gibson, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0566-0476, Debnam, E., Srai, S.K., Rice-Evans, C. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) Distribution of [H-3]trans-resveratrol in rat tissues following oral administration. British Journal of Nutrition, 96 (1). pp. 62-70. ISSN 0007-1145 doi: https://doi.org/10.1079/bjn20061810

Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Abd El Mohsen, M. and Minihane, A.M. (2006) Metabolism of dietary phytochemicals: a review of the metabolic forms identified in humans. Current Topics in Nutraceutical Research, 4 (3-4). pp. 187-203. ISSN 1540-7535

Pollard, S. E., Whiteman, M. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) Modulation of peroxynitrite-induced fibroblast injury by hesperetin: a role for intracellular scavenging and modulation of ERK signalling. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 347 (4). pp. 916-923. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.06.153

Whiteman, M., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Zhu, Y.Z., Armstrong, J.S. and Schantz, J.T. (2006) Peroxynitrite-modified collagen-II induces p38/ERK and NF-kappa B-dependent synthesis of prostaglandin E-2 and nitric oxide in chondrogenically differentiated mesenchyrnal progenitor cells. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, 14 (5). pp. 460-470. ISSN 1063-4584 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joca.2005.11.002

Corona, G., Tzounis, X., Dessi, M.A., Deiana, M., Debnam, E.S., Visioli, F. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) The fate of olive oil polyphenols in the gastrointestinal tract: implications of gastric and colonic microflora-dependent biotransformation. Free Radical Research, 40 (6). pp. 647-658. ISSN 1071-5762 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760500373000

Nguyen, D.T., Hemandez-Montes, E., Vauzour, D., Schonthal, A.H., Rice-Evans, C., Cadenas, E. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) The intracellular genistein metabolite 5,7,3 ',4 '-tetrahydroxyisoflavone mediates G2-M cell cycle arrest in cancer cells via modulation of the p38 signaling pathway. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 41 (8). pp. 1225-1239. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.06.026

Lee, S.Y.H., Munerol, B., Pollard, S., Youdim, K.A., Pannala, A.S., Kuhnle, G.G.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Debnam, E.S., Rice-Evans, C. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) The reaction of flavanols with nitrous acid protects against N-nitrosamine formation and leads to the formation of nitroso derivatives which inhibit cancer cell growth. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 40 (2). pp. 323-334. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2005.08.031

Pollard, S.E., Kuhnle, G.G.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Vauzour, D., Vafeiadou, K., Tzounis, X., Whiteman, M., Rice-Evans, C. and Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2006) The reaction of flavonoid metabolites with peroxynitrite. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 350 (4). pp. 960-968. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2006.09.131

El Mohsen, M.M.A., Iravani, M.M., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Rose, S., Fahim, A.T., Motawi, T.M.K., Ismail, N.A.F. and Jenner, P. (2005) Age-associated changes in protein oxidation and proteasome activities in rat brain: modulation by antioxidants. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 336 (2). pp. 386-391. ISSN 0006-291X doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.07.201

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Kuhnle, G. G. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Hajirezaei, M., Mock, H. P., Sonnewald, U. and Rice-Evans, C. (2005) The genotypic variation of the antioxidant potential of different tomato varieties. Free Radical Research, 39 (9). pp. 1005-1016. ISSN 1071-5762 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/10715760400022293

Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, El Mohsen, M. M. A. and Rice-Evans, C. (2004) Cellular uptake and metabolism of flavonoids and their metabolites: implications for their bioactivity. Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 423 (1). pp. 148-161. ISSN 0003-9861 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2003.11.010

Tortarolo, M., Crossthwaite, A.J., Conforti, L., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Williams, R.J., Bendotti, C. and Rattray, M. (2004) Expression of SOD1 G93A or wild-type SOD1 in primary cultures of astrocytes down-regulates the glutamate transporter GLT-1: lack of involvement of oxidative stress. Journal of Neurochemistry, 88 (2). pp. 481-493. ISSN 0022-3042 doi: https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02208.x

Williams, R.J., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 and Rice-Evans, C. (2004) Flavonoids: antioxidants or signalling molecules? Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 36 (7). pp. 838-849. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2004.01.001

Williams, R.J., Spencer, J.P.E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Goni, F.M. and Rice-Evans, C.A. (2004) Zinc-histidine complex protects cultured cortical neurons against oxidative stress-induced damage. Neuroscience Letters, 371 (2-3). pp. 106-110. ISSN 0304-3940 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2004.08.054

Basu-Modak, S., Gordon, M.J., Dobson, L.H., Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Rice-Evans, C. and Tyrrell, R.M. (2003) Epicatechin and its methylated metabolite attenuate UVA-induced oxidative damage to human skin fibroblasts. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 35 (8). pp. 910-921. ISSN 0891-5849 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00436-2

Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2003) Metabolism of tea flavonoids in the gastrointestinal tract. Journal of Nutrition, 133 (10). 3255S-3261S. ISSN 1541-6100

Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Rice-Evans, C. and Williams, R.J. (2003) Modulation of pro-survival Akt/protein kinase B and ERK1/2 signaling cascades by quercetin and its in vivo metabolites underlie their action on neuronal viability. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 278 (37). pp. 34783-34793. ISSN 1083-351X doi: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M305063200

Schroeter, H., Boyd, C., Ahmed, R., Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Duncan, R., Rice-Evans, C. and Cadenas, E. (2003) c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated modulation of brain mitochondria function: new target proteins for JNK signalling in mitochondrion-dependent apoptosis. Biochemical Journal, 372 (2). pp. 359-369. ISSN 0264-6021 doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20030201

Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Kuhnle, G. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8081-8931, Williams, R.J. and Rice-Evans, C. (2003) Intracellular metabolism and bioactivity of quercetin and its in vivo metabolites. Biochemical Journal, 372 (1). pp. 173-181. ISSN 0264-6021 doi: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20021972

Book or Report Section

Esteban-Fernández, A., Corona, G., Vauzour, D. and Spencer, J. P. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2016) Neuroprotective effects associated with wine and its phenolic constituents. In: Moreno-Arribas, M. V. and Bartolomé Suáldea, B. (eds.) Wine Safety, Consumer Preference, and Human Health. Springer, pp. 279-292. ISBN 9783319245126 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-24514-0_14

Vauzour, D., Spilsbury, A., Vafeiadou, K., Rattray, M. and Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274 (2012) Modulation of neuroinflammation by dietary flavonoids. In: Gemma, C. (ed.) Neuroinflammation: Pathogenesis, Mechanisms and Management. Nova, pp. 213-236. ISBN 9781619424623

Conference or Workshop Item

Esteban-Fernández, A., Gigorro del Coso, D., González de Llano, D., Spencer, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2931-7274, Bartolomé, B. and Moreno-Arribas, M. V. (2016) Understanding the protective effects of wine components and their metabolites in the brain function. In: 39th World Congress of Vine and Wine, 23 - 28 Oct 2016, Bento Gonçalves, Brazil, 04008. doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20160704008