Article

Volonte, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Ackerley, D. (2023) Strong surface winds in Storm Eunice. Part 1: storm overview and indications of sting-jet activity from observations and model data. Weather. ISSN 1477-8696 (In Press)

Volonte, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0278-952X, Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 and Ackerley, D. (2023) Strong surface winds in Storm Eunice. Part 2: airstream analysis. Weather. ISSN 1477-8696 (In Press)

Lean, H. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1274-4619, Barlow, J. F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9022-6833 and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2022) The use of 100 m scale NWP models to understand differences between different measures of mixing height in a morning growing clear convective boundary layer over London. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 148 (745). pp. 1983-1995. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4291

Shipley, D., Weller, H., Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and McIntyre, W. A. (2022) Two-fluid single-column modelling of Rayleigh-Bénard convection as a step towards multi-fluid modelling of atmospheric convection. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 148 (742). pp. 351-377. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4209

Theeuwes, N. E., Boutle, I. A., Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 and Grimmond, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 (2022) Understanding London's summertime cloud cover. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 148 (742). pp. 454-465. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.4214

Muetzelfeldt, M. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6851-7351, Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Stirling, A. J. and Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2021) A climatology of tropical wind shear produced by clustering wind profiles from the Met Office Unified Model (GA7.0). Geoscientific Model Development, 14 (6). pp. 4035-4049. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4035-2021

Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Halliwell, C. and Flack, D. (2021) A physically-based stochastic boundary-layer perturbation scheme. Part I: formulation and evaluation in a convection-permitting model. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78 (3). pp. 727-746. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0291.1

Flack, D., Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Halliwell, C., Roberts, N., Gray, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Plant, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Lean, H. (2021) A physically-based stochastic boundary-layer perturbation scheme. Part II: perturbation growth within a super ensemble framework. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 78 (3). pp. 747-761. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0292.1

Volonté, A., Clark, P. A. and Gray, S. L. (2020) Idealised simulations of cyclones with robust symmetrically-unstable sting jets. Weather and Climate Dynamics, 1 (1). pp. 63-91. ISSN 2698-4024 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/wcd-1-63-2020

Gu, J.-F., Plant, R. S., Holloway, C. E., Jones, T. R., Stirling, A., Clark, P. A., Woolnough, S. J. and Webb, T. L. (2020) Evaluation of the bulk mass flux formulation using large eddy simulations. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 77 (6). pp. 2115-2137. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-19-0224.1

Hanley, K., Whitall, M., Stirling, A. and Clark, P. (2019) Modifications to the representation of subgrid mixing in kilometre‐scale versions of the Unified Model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145 (725). pp. 3361-3375. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3624

Dance, S. L., Ballard, S. P., Bannister, R. N., Clark, P., Cloke, H. L., Darlington, T., Flack, D. L. A., Gray, S. L., Hawkness-Smith, L., Husnoo, N., Illingworth, A. J., Kelly, G. A., Lean, H. W., Li, D., Nichols, N. K., Nicol, J. C., Oxley, A., Plant, R. S., Roberts, N. M., Roulstone, I., Simonin, D., Thompson, R. J. and Waller, J. A. (2019) Improvements in forecasting intense rainfall: results from the FRANC (forecasting rainfall exploiting new data assimilation techniques and novel observations of convection) project. Atmosphere, 10 (3). 125. ISSN 2073-4433 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos10030125

Feist, M. M., Westbrook, C. D., Clark, P. A., Stein, T. H. M., Lean, H. W. and Stirling, A. J. (2019) Statistics of convective cloud turbulence from a comprehensive turbulence retrieval method for radar observations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 145 (719). pp. 727-744. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3462

Martinez-Alvarado, O., Gray, S. L., Hart, N. C.G., Clark, P. A., Hodges, K. I. and Roberts, M. J. (2018) Increased wind risk from sting-jet windstorms with climate change. Environmental Research Letters, 13 (4). 044002. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaae3a

Clark, P. A. and Gray, S. L. (2018) Sting jets in extratropical cyclones: a review. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (713). pp. 943-969. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3267

Volonté, A., Clark, P. A. and Gray, S. L. (2018) The role of mesoscale instabilities in the sting-jet dynamics of windstorm Tini. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 144 (712). pp. 877-899. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.3264

Barlow, J., Best, M., Bohnenstengel, S. I., Clark, P., Grimmond, S., Lean, H., Christen, A., Emeis, S., Haeffelin, M., Harman, I. N., Lemonsu, A., Martilli, A., Pardyjak, E., Rotach, M. W., Ballard, S., Boutle, I., Brown, A., Cai, X., Carpentieri, M., Coceal, O., Crawford, B., Di Sabatino, S., Dou, J., Drew, D. R., Edwards, J. M., Fallmann, J., Fortuniak, K., Gornall, J., Gronemeier, T., Halios, C., Hertwig, D., Hirano, K., Holtslag, A. A.M., Luo, Z., Mills, G., Nakayoshi, M., Pain, K., Schlünzen, K. H., Smith, S., Soulhac, L., Steeneveld, G.-J., Sun, T., Theeuwes, N., Thomson, D., Voogt, J. A., Ward, H. C., Xie, Z.-T. and Zhong, J. (2017) Developing a research strategy to better understand, observe, and simulate urban atmospheric processes at kilometer to subkilometer scales. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 98 (10). ES261-ES264. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0106.1

Hart, N. C.G., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2017) Sting-jet windstorms over the North Atlantic: climatology and contribution to extreme wind risk. Journal of Climate, 30 (14). pp. 5455-5471. ISSN 0894-8755 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0791.1

Standen, J., Wilson, C., Vosper, S. and Clark, P. (2017) Prediction of local wind climatology from Met Office models: Virtual Met Mast techniques. Wind Energy, 20 (3). pp. 411-430. ISSN 1099-1824 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/we.2013

Clark, P. A. (2016) Numerical simulations of the impact of the 20 March 2015 eclipse on UK weather. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150218. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0218 (themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)

Leon, D. C., French, J. R., Lasher-Trapp, S., Blyth, A. M., Abel, S. J., Ballard, S., Barrett, A., Bennett, L. J., Bower, K., Brooks, B., Brown, P., Charlton-Perez, C., Choularton, T., Clark, P., Collier, C., Crosier, J., Cui, Z., Dey, S., Dufton, D., Eagle, C., Flynn, M. J., Gallagher, M., Halliwell, C., Hanley, K., Hawkness-Smith, L., Huang, Y., Kelly, G., Kitchen, M., Korolev, A., Lean, H., Liu, Z., Marsham, J., Moser, D., Nicol, J., Norton, E. G., Plummer, D., Price, J., Ricketts, H., Roberts, N., Rosenberg, P. D., Simonin, D., Taylor, J. W., Warren, R., Williams, P. I. and Young, G. (2016) The COnvective Precipitation Experiment (COPE): investigating the origins of heavy precipitation in the southwestern UK. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 97 (6). pp. 1003-1020. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00157.1

Clark, P., Roberts, N., Lean, H., Ballard, S. P. and Charlton-Perez, C. (2016) Convection-permitting models: a step-change in rainfall forecasting. Meteorological Applications, 23 (2). pp. 165-181. ISSN 1469-8080 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1538

Nicol, J., Hogan, R., Stein, T., Hanley, K., Clark, P., Halliwell, C. E., Lean, H. W. and Plant, R. S. (2015) Convective updraught evaluation in high-resolution NWP simulations using single-Doppler radar measurements. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (693). pp. 3177-3189. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2602

Hart, N. C. G., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2015) Detection of coherent airstreams using cluster analysis: application to an extratropical cyclone. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (9). pp. 3518-3531. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00382.1

Stein, T., Hogan, R., Clark, P., Halliwell, C., Hanley, K., Lean, H., Nicol, J. and Plant, R. S. (2015) The DYMECS project: a statistical approach for the evaluation of convective storms in high-resolution NWP models. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (6). pp. 939-951. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00279.1

Hanley, K. E., Plant, R. S., Stein, T. H. M., Hogan, R. J., Nicol, J. C., Lean, H. W., Halliwell, C. and Clark, P. A. (2015) Mixing length controls on high resolution simulations of convective storms. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (686). pp. 272-284. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2356

Dacre, H. F., Clark, P. A., Martinez-Alvarado, O., Stringer, M. A. and Lavers, D. A. (2014) How do atmospheric rivers form? Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (8). pp. 1243-1255. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00031.1

Stein, T. H. M., Hogan, R. J., Hanley, K. E., Nicol, J. C., Lean, H. W., Plant, R. S., Clark, P. A. and Halliwell, C. E. (2014) The three-dimensional morphology of simulated and observed convective storms over southern England. Monthly Weather Review, 142 (9). pp. 3264-3283. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-13-00372.1

Baker, L. H., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2014) Idealised simulations of sting-jet cyclones. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (678). pp. 96-110. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2131

Martinez-Alvarado, O., Gray, S. L., Clark, P. A. and Baker, L. H. (2013) Objective detection of sting jets in low-resolution datasets. Meteorological Applications, 20 (1). pp. 41-55. ISSN 1469-8080 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/met.297

Leoncini, G., Plant, R. S., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2013) Ensemble forecasts of a flood-producing storm: comparison of the influence of model-state perturbations and parameter modifications. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 139 (670). pp. 198-211. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.1951

Vosper, S., Carter, E., Lean, H., Lock, A., Clark, P. and Webster, S. (2013) High resolution modelling of valley cold pools. Atmospheric Science Letters, 14 (3). pp. 193-199. ISSN 1530-261X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.439

Wang, C., Jones, R., Perry, M., Johnson, C. and Clark, P. (2013) Using an ultrahigh-resolution regional climate model to predict local climatology. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 139 (677). pp. 1964-1976. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2081

Clark, P.A., Browning, K. A., Morcrette, C. J., Blyth, A. M., Forbes, R. M., Brooks, B. and Perry, F. (2013) The evolution of an MCS over southern England. Part 1: Observations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (679). pp. 439-457. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2138

Clark, P.A., Browning, K. A., Forbes, R. M., Morcrette, C. J., Blyth, A. M. and Lean, H. W. (2013) The evolution of an MCS over southern England. Part 2: Model simulations and sensitivity to microphysics. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 140 (679). pp. 458-479. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2142

Martinez-Alvarado, O., Gray, S. L., Catto, J. L. and Clark, P. A. (2012) Sting jets in intense winter North-Atlantic windstorms. Environmental Research Letters, 7 (2). 024014. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/7/2/024014

Done, J. M., Craig, G. C., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2012) Case-to-case variability of predictability of deep convection in a mesoscale model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 138 (664). pp. 638-648. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.943

Gray, S. L., Martinez-Alvarado, O., Baker, L. H. and Clark, P. A. (2011) Conditional symmetric instability in sting-jet storms. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (659). pp. 1482-1500. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.859

Price, J. D., Vosper, S., Brown, A., Ross, A., Clark, P., Davies, F., Horlacher, V., Claxton, B., McGregor, J. R., Hoare, J. S., Jemmett-Smith, B. and Sheridan, P. (2011) COLPEX: Field and numerical studies over a region of small hills. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 92 (12). pp. 1636-1650. ISSN 0003-0007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2011BAMS3032.1

Bohnenstengel, S. I., Evans, S., Clark, P. A. and Belcher, S. E. (2011) Simulations of the London urban heat island. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 137 (659). pp. 1625-1640. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.855

Porson, A., Clark, P. A., Harman, I. N., Best, M. J. and Belcher, S. (2010) Implementation of a new urban energy budget scheme in the MetUM. Part I: Description and idealized simulations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136 (651). pp. 1514-1529. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.668

Porson, A., Clark, P. A., Harman, I. N., Best, M. J. and Belcher, S. (2010) Implementation of a new urban energy budget scheme into MetUM. Part II: Validation against observations and model intercomparison. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136 (651). pp. 1530-1542. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.572

Leoncini, G., Plant, R. S., Gray, S. L. and Clark, P. A. (2010) Perturbation growth at the convective scale for CSIP IOP18. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 136 (648). pp. 653-670. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.587

Lean, H. W., Roberts, N. M., Clark, P. A. and Morcrette, C. (2009) The surprising role of orography in the initiation of an isolated thunderstorm in southern England. Monthly Weather Review, 137 (9). pp. 3026-3046. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/2009MWR2743.1

Lean, H. W., Clark, P., Dixon, M., Roberts, N. M., Fitch, A., Forbes, R. and Halliwell, C. (2008) Characteristics of high-resolution versions of the Met Office unified model for forecasting convection over the United Kingdom. Monthly Weather Review, 136 (9). pp. 3408-3424. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: 140.1175/2008MWR2332.1

Clark, P. A., Harcourt, S. A., Macpherson, B., Mathison, C. T., Cusack, S. and Naylor, M. (2008) Prediction of visibility and aerosol within the operational Met Office unified model. I: Model formulation and variational assimilation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 134 (636). pp. 1801-1816. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.318

Browning, K. A., Blyth, A., Clark, P. A., Corsmeier, U., Morcrette, C., Agnew, J., Bamber, D., Barthlott, C., Bennett, L., Beswick, K., Bitter, M., Bozier, K., Brooks, B., Collier, C., Cook, C., Davies, F., Deny, B., Engelhardt, M., Feuerle, T., Forbes, R., Gaffard, C., Gray, M., Hankers, R., Hewison, T., Huckle, R., Kalthoff, N., Khodayar, S., Kohler, M., Kraut, S., Kunz, M., Ladd, D., Lean, H., Lenfant, J., Marsham, J., McGregor, J., Nicol, J., Norton, E., Parker, D., Perry, F., Ramatschi, M., Ricketts, R., Roberts, N., Russell, A., Schulz, H., Slack, E., Vaughan, G., Waight, J., Watson, R., Web, A., Weiser, A. and Zink, K. (2007) The Convective Storm Initiation Project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 88 (12). pp. 1939-1955. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-88-12-1939

Done, J. M., Craig, G. C., Gray, S. L., Clark, P. A. and Gray, M. E. B. (2006) Mesoscale simulations of organized convection: importance of convective equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 132. pp. 737-756. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1256/qj.04.84