Article

Barnard, L., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Lang, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-3700 and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2023) SIR-HUXt—A particle filter data assimilation scheme for CME time-elongation profiles. Space Weather, 21 (6). e2023SW003487. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003487 (Barnard, L., Owens, M., Scott, C., Lang, M., & Lockwood, M. (2023). SIR-HUXt—A particle filter data assimilation scheme for CME time-elongation profiles. Space Weather, 21, e2023SW003487. https://doi.org/10.1029/2023SW003487)

James, L. A., Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lang, M. S. and Jones, S. R. (2023) Sensitivity of model estimates of CME propagation and arrival time to inner boundary conditions. Space Weather, 21 (4). e2022SW003289. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003289

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 and Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2023) Universal time variations in the Magnetosphere and the effect of CME arrival time: analysis of the February 2022 event that led to the loss of Starlink satellites. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 128 (3). e2022JA031177. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JA031177

Barnard, L. and Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 (2022) HUXt — an open source, computationally efficient reduced-physics solar wind model, written in Python. Frontiers in Physics, 10. ISSN 2296-424X doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphy.2022.1005621

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Frost, A. M., Yu, B. and Chi, Y. (2022) Application of historic datasets to understanding open solar flux and the 20th-century grand solar maximum. 1. Geomagnetic, ionospheric, and sunspot observations. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Science, 9. ISSN 2296-987X doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fspas.2022.960775

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Chakraborty, N., Turner, H., Lang, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-3700, Riley, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-456X, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Chi, Y. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9315-4487 (2022) Rate of change of large-scale solar-wind structure. Solar Physics, 297 (7). 83. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-022-02006-4

Haines, C., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Beggan, C. D., Thomson, A. W. P. and Rogers, N. C. (2022) Towards GIC forecasting: statistical downscaling of the geomagnetic field to improve geoelectric field forecasts. Space Weather, 20 (1). e2021SW002903. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002903

Barnard, L., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, de Koning, C. A., Amerstorfer, T., Hinterreiter, J., Möstl, C., Davies, J. A. and Riley, P. (2022) Quantifying the uncertainty in CME kinematics derived from geometric modeling of heliospheric imager data. Space Weather, 20 (1). e2021SW002841. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021SW002841

Chi, Y., Scott, C., Shen, C., Barnard, L., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Xu, M., Zhang, J., Jones, S., Zhong, Z., Yu, B., Lang, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1904-3700, Wang, Y. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2021) Modelling the observed distortion of multiple (ghost) CME fronts in STEREO Heliospheric imagers. The Astrophysical Journal Letters, 917. L16. ISSN 0004-637X doi: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac1203

Haines, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-0720, Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Ruffenach, A., Boykin, K. and McGranaghan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9605-0007 (2021) Forecasting occurrence and intensity of geomagnetic activity with pattern‐matching approaches. Space Weather, 19 (6). ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002624

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Haines, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9010-0720 and Macneil, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4802-1209 (2021) Extreme space-weather events and the solar cycle. Solar Physics, 296 (82). ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-021-01831-3

Scott, C. J., Jones, S. and Barnard, L. A. (2021) Inferring thermospheric composition from ionogram profiles: a calibration with the TIMED spacecraft. Annales Geophysicae, 39 (2). pp. 309-319. ISSN 0992-7689 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-39-309-2021

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Haines, C., Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J., Chambodut, A. and McWilliams, K. A. (2021) Semi-annual, annual and Universal Time variations in the magnetosphere and in geomagnetic activity: 4. Polar Cap motions and origins of the Universal Time effect. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 11. 15. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020077

Hinterreiter, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1222-8243, Amerstorfer, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9024-6706, Reiss, M. A., Möstl, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6868-4152, Temmer, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4867-7558, Bauer, M., Amerstorfer, U. V. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1516-5441, Bailey, R. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2021-6557, Weiss, A. J., Davies, J. A., Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453 (2021) Why are ELEvoHI CME arrival predictions different if based on STEREO‐A or STEREO‐B heliospheric imager observations? Space Weather, 19 (3). e2020SW002674. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002674

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Barnard, L. A., Watt, C. E., Scott, C. J., Coxon, J. C. and McWilliams, K. A. (2020) Semi-annual, annual and Universal Time variations in the magnetosphere and in geomagnetic activity: 3. Modelling. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 10. 61. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020062

Barnard, L., Owens, M., Scott, C. and de Koning, C. (2020) Ensemble CME modelling constrained by heliospheric imager observations. AGU Advances, 1 (3). ISSN 2576-604X doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020AV000214

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. A. (2020) The value of CME arrival‐time forecasts for space weather mitigation. Space Weather, 18 (9). e2020SW002507. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002507

Owens, M., Lang, M., Barnard, L., Riley, P., Ben-Nun, M., Scott, C. J., Lockwood, M., Reiss, M. A., Arge, C. N. and Gonzi, S. (2020) A computationally efficient, time-dependent model of the solar wind for use as a surrogate to three-dimensional numerical magnetohydrodynamic simulations. Solar Physics, 295 (3). 43. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-020-01605-3

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, McWilliams, K. A., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Watt, C. E., Scott, C. J., Macneil, A. R. and Coxon, J. C. (2020) Semi-annual, annual and Universal Time variations in the magnetosphere and in geomagnetic activity: 2. Response to solar wind power input and relationships with solar wind dynamic pressure and magnetospheric flux transport. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 10. 30. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020033

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Haines, C., Scott, C. J., McWilliams, K. A. and Coxon, J. C. (2020) Semi-annual, annual and universal time variations in the magnetosphere and in geomagnetic activity: 1. geomagnetic data. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 10. 23. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2020023

Jones, S. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7716-3532, Scott, C. J., ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Barnard, L. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Highfield, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2507-5458, Lintott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5578-359X and Baeten, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2556-3152 (2020) The visual complexity of coronal mass ejections follows the solar cycle. Space Weather, 18 (10). e2020SW002556. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020SW002556

Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. O., Scott, C. J. and Jones, S. R. (2019) Extracting inner‐heliosphere solar wind speed information from Heliospheric Imager observations. Space Weather, 17 (6). pp. 925-938. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002226

Lockwood, M., Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J., Watt, C. E. and Allanson, O. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 1. solar-wind magnetosphere coupling as a function of timescale and the effect of data gaps. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 133-156. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001856

Lockwood, M., Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J., Watt, C. E., Allanson, O. and Freeman, M. P. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 2. the distribution of power input into the magnetosphere on a 3-hourly timescale. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 157-179. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW002016

Lockwood, M., Bentley, S. N., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J., Watt, C. E., Allanson, O. and Freeman, M. P. (2019) The development of a space climatology: 3. Models of the evolution of distributions of space weather variables with timescale. Space Weather, 17 (1). pp. 180-209. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW002017

Lockwood, M., Chambodut, A., Finch, I. D., Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. J. and Haines, C. (2019) Time-of-day/time-of-year response functions of planetary geomagnetic indices. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 9. A20. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2019017

Haines, C., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L., Lockwood, M. and Ruffenach, A. (2019) The variation of geomagnetic storm duration with intensity. Solar Physics, 294 (11). 154. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-019-1546-z

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. A. (2018) Ion charge states and potential geoeffectiveness: the role of coronal spectroscopy for space-weather forecasting. Space Weather, 16 (6). pp. 694-703. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018SW001855

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M., Barnard, L. A. and Macneil, A. R. (2018) Generation of inverted heliospheric magnetic flux by coronal loop opening and slow solar wind release. The Astrophysical Journal, 868 (1). L14. ISSN 0004-637X doi: https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaee82

Lockwood, M., Owens, M., Barnard, L., Scott, C., Watt, C. and Bentley, S. (2018) Space climate and space weather over the past 400 years: 2. Proxy indicators of geomagnetic storm and substorm occurrence. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 8. A12. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2017048 (Manuscript number swsc170036)

Barnard, L., McCracken, K. G., Owens, M. J. and Lockwood, M. (2018) What can the annual 10Be solar activity reconstructions tell us about historic space weather? Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 8. A23. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2018014

Lockwood, M., Chambodut, A., Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. J., Clarke, E. and Mendel, V. (2018) A homogeneous aa index: 1. secular variation. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 8. A53. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2018038

Lockwood, M., Finch, I. D., Chambodut, A., Barnard, L. A., Owens, M. J. and Clarke, E. (2018) A homogeneous aa index: 2. hemispheric asymmetries and the equinoctial variation. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 8. A58. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2018044

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M., Hawkins, E., Usoskin, I., Jones, G. S., Barnard, L., Schurer, A. and Fasullo, J. (2017) The Maunder minimum and the Little Ice Age: an update from recent reconstructions and climate simulations. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 7. A33. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2017034

Jones, S. R., Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J., Owens, M. J. and Wilkinson, J. (2017) Tracking CMEs using data from the Solar Stormwatch project; observing deflections and other properties. Space Weather, 15 (9). pp. 1125-1140. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017sw001640

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. A. (2017) Coronal mass ejections are not coherent magnetohydrodynamic structures. Scientific Reports, 7 (1). 4152. ISSN 2045-2322 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-04546-3

Matthes, K., Funke, B., Andersson, M. E., Barnard, L., Beer, J., Charbonneau, P., Clilverd, M. A., Dudok de Wit, T., Haberreiter, M., Hendry, A., Jackman, C. H., Kretzschmar, M., Kruschke, T., Kunze, M., Langematz, U., Marsh, D. R., Maycock, A. C., Misios, S., Rodger, C. J., Scaife, A. A., Seppälä, A., Shangguan, M., Sinnhuber, M., Tourpali, K., Usoskin, I., van de Kamp, M., Verronen, P. T. and Versick, S. (2017) Solar forcing for CMIP6 (v3.2). Geoscientific Model Development, 10 (6). pp. 2247-2302. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-10-2247-2017

Barnard, L., de Koning, C. A., Scott, C. J., Owens, M. J., Wilkinson, J. and Davies, J. A. (2017) Testing the current paradigm for space weather prediction with heliospheric imagers. Space Weather, 15 (6). pp. 782-803. ISSN 15427390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017SW001609

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Scott, C. J. and Watt, C. E. (2017) Space climate and space weather over the past 400 years: 1. the power input to the magnetosphere. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 7. A25. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2017019

Lockwood, M., Scott, C. J., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. and Willis, D. M. (2016) Tests of sunspot number sequences: 1. Using ionosonde data. Solar Physics, 291 (9). pp. 2785-2809. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-016-0855-8

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L., Scott, C. J., Usoskin, I. G. and Nevanlinna, H. (2016) Tests of sunspot number sequences: 2. Using geomagnetic and auroral data. Solar Physics, 291 (9-10). pp. 2811-2828. ISSN 1573-093X doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-016-0913-2

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. and Usoskin, I. G. (2016) Tests of sunspot number sequences: 3. Effects of regression procedures on the calibration of historic sunspot data. Solar Physics, 291 (9). pp. 2829-2841. ISSN 0038-0938 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-015-0829-2

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J. and Barnard, L. (2016) Tests of sunspot number sequences: 4. Discontinuities around 1946 in various sunspot number and sunspot group number reconstructions. Solar Physics, 291 (9-10). pp. 2843-2867. ISSN 1573-093X doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11207-016-0967-1

Portas, A. M., Barnard, L., Scott, C. and Harrison, R. G. (2016) National Eclipse Weather Experiment use and evaluation of a citizen science tool for schools outreach. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150223. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0223 (Themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)

Barnard, L., Portas, A. M., Gray, S. L. and Harrison, R. G. (2016) The National Eclipse Weather Experiment: an assessment of citizen scientist weather observations. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150220. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0220 (themed issue: Atmospheric effects of solar eclipses stimulated by the 2015 UK eclipse)

Scott, C. J., Bradford, J., Bell, S. A., Wilkinson, J., Barnard, L., Smith, D. and Tudor, S. (2016) Using the ionospheric response to the solar eclipse on 20th March 2015 to detect spatial structure in the solar corona. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 374 (2077). 20150216. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0216

Owens, M. J., Cliver, E., McCracken, K. G., Beer, J., Barnard, L., Lockwood, M., Rouillard, A., Passos, D., Riley, P., Usoskin, I. and Wang, Y.-M. (2016) Near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field intensity since 1750. Part 1: sunspot and geomagnetic reconstructions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121 (7). pp. 6048-6063. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022529

Owens, M. J., Cliver, E., McCracken, K. G., Beer, J., Barnard, L., Lockwood, M., Rouillard, A., Passos, D., Riley, P., Usoskin, I. and Wang, Y.-M. (2016) Near-Earth heliospheric magnetic field intensity since 1750. Part 2: cosmogenic radionuclide reconstructions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 121 (7). pp. 6064-6074. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JA022550

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. A., Bentley, S., Scott, C. J. and Watt, C.E. (2016) On the origins and timescales of geoeffective IMF. Space Weather, 14 (6). pp. 406-432. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2016SW001375

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J., Barnard, L. and Usoskn, I. G. (2016) An assessment of sunspot number data composites over 1845-2014. The Astrophysical Journal, 824 (1). 54. ISSN 1538-4357 doi: https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-637X/824/1/54

Barnard, L., Scott, C.J., Owens, M., Lockwood, M., Crothers, S. R., Davies, J. A. and Harrison, R. A. (2015) Differences between the CME fronts tracked by an expert, an automated algorithm, and the Solar Stormwatch project. Space Weather, 13 (10). pp. 709-725. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015SW001280

Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. (2015) An arch in the UK. Astronomy and Geophysics, 56 (4). 4.25-4.30. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atv132

Tucker-Hood, K., Scott, C., Owens, M., Jackson, D., Barnard, L., Davies, J. A., Crothers, S., Lintott, C., Simpson, R., Savani, N. P., Wilkinson, J., Harder, B., Eriksson, G. M., Baeten, E. M. L. and Wan Wah, L. L. (2015) Validation of a priori CME arrival predictions made using real-time heliospheric imager observations. Space Weather, 13 (1). pp. 35-48. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001106

Thomas, S. R., Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M., Barnard, L. and Scott, C. J. (2015) Near-earth cosmic ray decreases associated with remote coronal mass ejections. The Astrophysical Journal, 801 (1). 5. ISSN 1538-4357 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/5

Owens, M. J., McCracken, K. G., Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. (2015) The heliospheric Hale cycle over the last 300 years and its implications for a “lost” late 18th century solar cycle. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 5. A30. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2015032

Barnard, L., Scott, C., Owens, M., Lockwood, M., Tucker-Hood, K., Thomas, S., Crothers, S., Davies, J. A., Harrison, R., Lintott, C., Simpson, R., O'Donnell, J., Smith, A. M., Waterson, N., Bamford, S., Romeo, F., Kukula, M., Owens, B., Savani, N., Wilkinson, J., Baeten, E., Poeffel, L. and Harder, B. (2014) The Solar Stormwatch CME catalogue: results from the first space weather citizen science project. Space Weather, 12 (12). pp. 657-674. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001119

Owens, M. J., Scott, C. J., Lockwood, M., Barnard, L., Harrison, R. G., Nicoll, K., Watt, C. and Bennett, A. J. (2014) Modulation of UK lightning by heliospheric magnetic field polarity. Environmental Research Letters, 9 (11). 115009. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/11/115009

Scott, C. J., Harrison, R.G., Owens, M.J., Lockwood, M. and Barnard, L. (2014) Evidence for solar wind modulation of lightning. Environmental Research Letters, 9 (5). 055004. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/9/5/055004

Lockwood, M., Nevanlinna, H., Vokhmyanin, M., Ponyavin, D., Sokolov, S., Barnard, L., Owens, M. J., Harrison, R. G., Rouillard, A. P. and Scott, C. J. (2014) Reconstruction of geomagnetic activity and near-Earth interplanetary conditions over the past 167 yr - Part 3: improved representation of solar cycle 11. Annales Geophysicae, 32 (4). pp. 367-381. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-367-2014

Lockwood, M., Nevanlinna, H., Barnard, L., Owens, M. J., Harrison, R. G., Rouillard, A. P. and Scott, C. J. (2014) Reconstruction of geomagnetic activity and near-Earth interplanetary conditions over the past 167 yr - Part 4: Near-Earth solar wind speed, IMF, and open solar flux. Annales Geophysicae, 32 (4). pp. 383-399. ISSN 1432-0576 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-32-383-2014

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J. and Barnard, L. (2014) Centennial variations in sunspot number, open solar flux and streamer belt width: 1. correction of the sunspot number record since 1874. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (7). pp. 5172-5182. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA019970

Lockwood, M., Owens, M. J. and Barnard, L. (2014) Centennial variations in sunspot number, open solar flux and streamer belt width: 2. Comparison with the geomagnetic data. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 119 (7). pp. 5183-5192. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA019972

Report

Barnard, L. and Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, (2021) Open Source modelling of the Sun's winds. Open Research Case Studies. Report. University of Reading doi: https://doi.org/10.48683/1926.00100589

Jones, S., Scott, C. and Barnard, L., (2019) Researching solar storms with citizen scientists: engaging with four thousand volunteer research assistants. Open Research Case Studies. Report. University of Reading

Conference or Workshop Item

Owens, M. J., Lockwood, M., Riley, P. and Barnard, L. (2018) Long-term variations in the heliosphere. In: IAU Symposium 340, 19-23 Feb 2018, Jaipur, India.