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Cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos by vitrification

Adu-Gyamfi , R. and Wetten, A. (2012) Cryopreservation of cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) somatic embryos by vitrification. CryoLetters, 33 (6). pp. 494-505. ISSN 0143-2044

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Official URL: http://www.cryoletters.org/Abstracts/vol__33_6_201...

Abstract/Summary

Losses of cultivated cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) due to diseases and continued depletion of forests that harbour the wild progenitors of the crop make ex situ conservation of cocoa germplasm of paramount importance. In order to enhance security of in situ germplasm collections, 2-3 mm floral-derived secondary somatic embryos were cryopreserved by vitrification. This work demonstrates the most uncomplicated clonal cocoa cryopreservation. Optimal post-cryostorage survival (74.5%) was achieved by 5 d preculture of SSEs on 0.5 M sucrose medium followed by 60 min dehydration in cold PVS2. To minimise free radical related cryo-injury, cation sources were removed from the embryo development solution and/or the recovery medium, the former treatment resulting in a significant benefit. After optimisation with cocoa genotype AMAZ 15, the same protocol was effective across all five additional cocoa genotypes tested. For the multiplication of clones, embryos regenerated following cryopreservation were used as explant sources, and vitrification was found to maintain their embryogenic potential.

Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Divisions:Life Sciences > School of Agriculture, Policy and Development > Department of Crop Science
ID Code:30329
Uncontrolled Keywords:Cocoa, Theobroma cacao, somatic embryo, conservation, cryopreservation,vitrification, PVS2
Publisher:CryoLetters

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