- Anguiano D and Beckett L (2023, Oct. 1) How Hollywood writers triumphed over AI – and why it matters. The Guardian. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/culture/2023/oct/01/hollywood-writers-strike-artificialintelligence (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Anthropic (2023) Claude-2 (July 11, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://claude.ai/login?returnTo=%2F
- Appel G, Neelbauer J and Schweidel DA (2023, Apr. 7) Generative AI Has an Intellectual Property Problem. Harvard Business Review. Available at https://hbr.org/2023/04/generative-ai-has-an-intellectual-property-problem (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Atlas S (2023) ChatGPT for Higher Education and Professional Development: A Guide to Conversational AI. Kingston: DigitalCommons@URI. https://digitalcommons.uri.edu/cba_facpubs/548.
- Bikbaeva D (2023, Feb. 1) AI Trained on Copyrighted Works: When Is It Fair Use? The Fashion Law. Available at https://www.thefashionlaw.com/ai-trained-on-copyrighted-works-when-is-it-fair-use/ (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-a) Generative AI (APA 7th). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350927971&tocid=b-9781350927971-185&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-b) Generative AI (Chicago). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350927988&tocid=b-9781350927988-187&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-c) Generative AI (Harvard). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350927964&tocid=b-9781350927964-217&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-d) Generative AI (IEEE). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350927995&tocid=b-9781350927995-45&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-e) Generative AI (MHRA). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350928008&tocid=b-9781350928008-42&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-f) Generative AI (MLA 9th). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350928015&tocid=b-9781350928015-121&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-g) Generative AI (OSCOLA). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350928022&tocid=b-9781350928022-46&st=Generative+AI
- Bloomsbury Publishing (n.-d.-h) Generative AI (Vancouver). Bloomsbury citethemright. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://www.citethemrightonline.com/sourcetype?docid=b-9781350928039&tocid=b-9781350928039-48&st=Generative+AI
- Brown TB, Mann B, Ryder N, Subbiah M, Kaplan J, Dhariwal P, Neelakantan A, Shyam P, Sastry G, Askell A, Agarwal S, Herbert-Voss A, Krueger G, Henighan T, Child R, Ramesh A, Ziegler DM, Wu J, Winter C, Hesse C, Chen M, Sigler E, Litwin M, Gray S, Chess B, Clark J, Berner C, McCandlish S, Radford A, Sutskever I and Amodei D (2020) Language models are few-shot learners. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems 33, 1–75. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2005.14165 (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Burns PJ (2023, May 19) Research Recap: How Much Latin Does ChatGPT ‘Know’? Institute for the Study of the Ancient World Library Blog. Available at
https://isaw.nyu.edu/library/blog/research-recap-how-much-latin-doeschatgpt-know (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Cassette (2020) CassetteAI V1 (August 3, 2023 version) [Text-to-audio model]. Available at https://cassetteai.com/dashboard
- Clackson J (2011) Classical Latin. In Clackson J (ed.), A Companion to the Latin Language. Hoboken: Blackwell Publishing Ltd, pp. 236–256. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444343397.ch15.
- Coffey L (2023, Oct. 31) Students Outrunning Faculty in AI Use. Inside Higher Ed. Available at https://www.insidehighered.com/news/tech-innovation/artificial-intelligence/2023/10/31/most-students-outrunning-faculty-ai-use (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Creamer E (2023, Jul. 5) Authors file a lawsuit against OpenAI for unlawfully ‘ingesting’ their books. The Guardian. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/books/2023/jul/05/authors-file-a-lawsuit-against-openai-forunlawfully-ingesting-their-books (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Cullen H and Taylor J (2016) Latin to GCSE: Part 2. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
- de Vries A (2023) The growing energy footprint of artificial intelligence. Joule 7, 2191–2194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2023.09.004
- EssayAIGroup (2020) EssayAILab (June 18, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://www.essayailab.com/
- Ewans M and Johnson M (2019) Wesley Enoch’s Black Medea. In Johnson M (ed.), Antipodean Antiquities: Classical Reception Down Under. London: Bloomsbury Academic, pp. 73–86.
- Google (2023a) Bard (November 16, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://bard.google.com/?hl=en
- Google (2023b, Jul. 13) Experiment Updates. Bard. Available at https://bard.google.com/updates (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Hao K (2019, Jun. 6) Training a single AI model can emit as much carbon as five cars in their lifetimes. MIT Technology Review. Available at https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/06/06/239031/training-a-single-ai-model-canemit-as-much-carbon-as-five-cars-in-their-lifetimes/ (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Heikkilä M (2023, Oct. 23) This new data poisoning tool lets artists fight back against generative AI. MIT Technology Review. Available at https://www.technologyreview.com/2023/10/23/1082189/data-poisoning-artists-fightgenerative-ai/ (accessed 8 November 2023).
- HeyGen (2023) HeyGen 3.0 (April 10, 2023 version) [Text-to-video model]. Available at https://app.heygen.com/login?sid=no_sid
- Jisc (2023, Aug. 29) Generative AI – A Primer. London: Jisc.
- Katz L (2023, Oct. 26) New Tool ‘Poisons’ AI Data To Shield Artists Against Having Their Work Stolen. Forbes. Available at https://www.forbes.com/sites/lesliekatz/2023/10/26/new-tool-poisons-ai-data-to-shield-artists-againsthaving-their-work-stolen/ (accessed 8 November 2023).
- Lucchi N (2023) ChatGPT: a case study on copyright challenges for generative artificial intelligence systems. European Journal of Risk Regulation 15(2), 1–23.
https://doi.org/10.1017/err.2023.59
- Magical Tome (2023) Tome V2 (November 20, 2023 version) [Text-to-presentation model]. Available at https://tome.app/
- Metz R (2023, Oct. 21) These artists found out their work was used to train AI. Now they’re furious. CNN Business. Available at https://edition.cnn.com/2022/10/21/tech/artists-ai-images/index.html (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Microsoft (2023) Bing Chat (November 15, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://www.bing.com/search?q=Bing%20AI&showconv=1&form=MT00IS
- Midjourney (2023) Midjourney Bot 5.2 (June 22, 2023 version) [Text-to-image model]. Available at https://legacy.midjourney.com/home/
- Morpurgo Davies A (2015, July 30) pronunciation, Greek. Oxford Classical Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780199381135.013.5365
- Nam J (2023, Nov. 22) 56% of College Students Have Used AI on Assignments or Exams. BestColleges. Available at https://www.bestcolleges.com/research/most-college-students-have-used-ai-survey/ (accessed 10 December 2023).
- OpenAI (2023a) ChatGPT 4 (November 21, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://chat.openai.com/auth/login
- OpenAI (2023b, Sept. 25) ChatGPT can now see, hear, and speak. OpenAI. Available at https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt-can-now-see-hear-and-speak (accessed 13 November 2023).
- OpenAI (2023c, Sept. 27) ChatGPT – Release Notes. OpenAI. Available at https://help.openai.com/en/articles/6825453-chatgpt-release-notes#h_6401b89b6b (accessed 21 November 2023).
- OpenAI (2023d) DALL-E-3 (August 20, 2023 version) [Text-to-image model]. Available at https://openai.com/dall-e-3
- OpenAI (2023e, Nov. 6) Introducing GPTs. OpenAI. Available at https://openai.com/blog/introducing-gpts (accessed 10 November 2023).
- OpenAI (2023f, Mar. 23) Usage Policies. OpenAI. Available at https://openai.com/policies/usage-policies (accessed 21 November 2023).
- Perplexity (2023a) Perplexity Copilot (August 23, 2023 version) [Large language model]. Available at https://www.perplexity.ai/
- Perplexity (2023b) Perplexity Image Upload. Perplexity Collections. Available at https://www.perplexity.ai/collections/Perplexity-Image-Upload-Mb27WFDfSrmXxmmdviaWdQ?s=c (accessed 27 December 2023).
- Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education (2023, Jul.) Reconsidering Assessment for the ChatGPT Era: QAA Advice on Developing Sustainable Assessment Strategies. Gloucester: Quality Assurance Agency for Higher Education.
- Ross EAS (2023) A new frontier: AI and ancient language pedagogy. Journal of Classics Teaching 24, 143–161. https://doi.org/10.1017/S2058631023000430
- Ross EAS and Baines J (2023a, Dec. 16) AI and Ancient Language Student Survey – Autumn 2023 (Version V2) [Data set]. figshare. http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24835629.v2
- Ross EAS and Baines J (2023b, Dec. 16) Is AI the New Plato?: AI Benefits and Drawbacks for Study Survey – Autumn 2023 (Version V2) [Data set]. figshare. http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24842058.v2
- Ross EAS and Baines J (2023c, Dec. 16) University of Reading Classical Languages Teaching Content and Expectations Survey – Summer 2023 (Version V2) [Data set]. figshare. http://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24829953.v2
- Russell Group (2023, July 4) New principles on use of AI in education. Russell Group. Available at https://russellgroup.ac.uk/news/new-principles-on-useof-
ai-in-education/ (accessed 20 August 2023).
- Shan S, Cryan J, Wenger E, Zheng H, Hanocka R and Zhao BY (2023) Glaze: Protecting Artists from Style Mimicry by Text-to-Image Models. In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symposium, Anaheim CA, August 2023. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2302.04222
- Stability.ai (2023) Stable Diffusion XL 1.0 (July 26, 2023 version) [Text-to-image model]. Available at https://stability.ai/stable-diffusion
- St. George’s University of London Library (2023, Sept. 14) How to Reference AI in an Assignment. Skills Guide at St George’s Library. Available at https://libguides.sgul.ac.uk/Harvard/AI (accessed 8 November 2023).
- Strubell E, Ganesh A and McCallum A (2019) Energy and Policy Considerations for Deep Learning in NLP. In the 57th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL). Florence, Italy. July 2019. ArXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1906.02243
- Taylor J (2016) Greek to GCSE: Part 2 – Revised Edition for OCR GCSE Classical Greek (9-1). London: Bloomsbury Academic.
- Taylor J (2023, Aug. 9) Google says AI systems should be able to mine publishers’ work unless companies opt out. The Guardian. Available at https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2023/aug/09/google-says-aisystems-should-be-able-to-mine-publishers-work-unless-companies-optout (accessed 27 September 2023).
- UNESCO International Institute for Higher Education in Latin America and the Caribbean (2023) ChatGPT and artificial intelligence in higher education: quick start guide. UNESCO Digital Library. Available at https://
unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000385146 (accessed 8 October 2023).
- University of Queensland, Australia Library (2023, Aug. 23) Using ChatGPT or other generative AI in your assignments. Available at https://guides.library.uq.edu.au/referencing/uqharvard/chatgpt-and-generative-ai (accessed 8 November 2023).
- University of Reading Sustainability Services (2020) Our Future First. Available at https://sites.reading.ac.uk/sustainability/get-involved/
ourfuturefirst/ (accessed 15 February 2024).
- veekaybee (2022, Dec. 8) chatgpt.md. GitHub Gist. Available at https://gist.github.com/veekaybee/6f8885e9906aa9c5408ebe5c7e870698 (accessed 8 November 2023).
- Vincent J (2023, Apr. 28) Reported EU legislation to disclose AI training data could trigger copyright lawsuits. The Verge. Available at https://www.theverge.com/2023/4/28/23702437/eu-ai-act-disclose-copyright-trainingdata-report (accessed 27 September 2023).
- Watercutter A and Bedingfield W (2023, Nov. 9) Hollywood Actors Strike Ends With a Deal That Will Impact AI and Streaming for Decades. WIRED. Available at https://www.wired.co.uk/article/hollywood-actors-strike-endsai-streaming (accessed 15 November 2023).
- Wong M (2023, Oct. 2) Artists Are Losing the War Against AI. The Atlantic. Available at https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2023/10/
openai-dall-e-3-artists-work/675519/ (accessed 8 November 2023).
- Zahn M (2023, Sept. 25) Authors’ lawsuit against OpenAI could ‘fundamentally reshape’ artificial intelligence, according to experts. abcNEWS. Available at https://abcnews.go.com/Technology/authors-lawsuit-openaifundamentally-reshape-artificial-intelligence-experts/story?id=103379209 (accessed 27 September 2023).