Akande D (2012) Classification of armed conflicts: relevant legal concepts. In: Wilmshurst E (ed) International law and the classification of conflicts. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 32-79
Alasow O (2010) Violations of the rules applicable in non-international armed conflicts and their possible causes: the case of Somalia. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague
Anderson K (2011) Targeted killing and drone warfare: how we came to debate whether there is a ‘legal geography of war’. Koret-Taube Task Force on National Security and Law, Stanford University, Stanford
Barnidge RP (2012) A qualified defense of American drone attacks in northwest Pakistan under international humanitarian law. Boston U Int Law J 30:409-447
Bartels R (2014) From jus in bello to jus post bellum: when do non-international armed conflicts end? In: Stahn C et al (eds) Jus post bellum: mapping the normative foundations. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 297-314
Bassiouni C (2003) Legal control of international terrorism: a policy-oriented assessment. Harvard Int Law J 43(1):83-104
Bentham J (2000) An introduction to the principles of morals and legislation. Batoche Books, Kitchener
Blank LR, Farley BR (2011) Characterizing US operations in Pakistan: is the United States engaged in an armed conflict? Fordham Int Law J 34:151-190
Breau S, Aronsson M (2012) Drone attacks, international law, and the recording of civilian casualties of armed conflict. Suffolk Transnational Law Rev 35(2):255-300
Byrne M (2016) Consent and the use of force: an examination of ‘intervention by invitation’ as a basis for US drone strikes in Pakistan, Somalia and Yemen. J on the Use of Force and Int Law 3(1):97-125
Chamayou G (2015) Drone theory. Penguin, London
Corn GS (2007) Hamdan, Lebanon, and the regulation of hostilities: the need to recognize a hybrid category of armed conflict. Vanderbilt J of Transnational Law 40(2):295-356
Corn GS (2012) Self-defense targeting: blurring the line between the jus ad bellum and the jus in bello. Int Law Studies 88:57-92
Cullen A (2010) The concept of non-international armed conflict in international humanitarian law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Dalton JG (2006) What is war?: terrorism as war after 9/11. ILSA J of Int and Comp Law 12:523-533
Dinstein Y (2010) The conduct of hostilities under the law of international armed conflict. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Dinstein Y (2011) War, aggression and self-defence, 5th edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Dinstein Y (2014) Non-international armed conflicts in international law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Farley BR (2011) Targeting Anwar al-Aulaqi: a case study in US drone strikes and targeted killing. National Security Law Brief 2(1):57-87
Fuller R (2015) All bark and no bite: rhetoric and reality in the war on terror. Indonesia J of Int and Comparative Law 2:1-40
Garraway C (2010) To kill or not to kill?—dilemmas on the use of force. J of Conflict and Security Law 14(3):499-510
Geiß R (2009) Armed violence in fragile states: low-intensity conflicts, spillover conflicts, and sporadic law enforcement operations by third parties. Int Rev of the Red Cross 91:127-142
Green JA (2016) The persistent objector rule in international law. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Greenwood C (1999) Rights at the frontier—protecting the individual in time of war. In: Rider B (ed) Law at the centre: the Institute of Advanced Legal Studies at fifty. Kluwer Law International, The Hague, pp 277-293
Greenwood C (2006) Essays on international law. Cameron May, London
Gross O (2015) The new way of war: is there a duty to use drones? Florida Law Rev 67:1-72
Haddad S (2014) Yemen. In: Arimatsu L, Choudhury M (eds) The legal classification of the armed conflicts in Syria, Yemen and Libya. Chatham House, London, pp 20-33
Hampson FJ (2012) Afghanistan 2001-2010. In: Wilmshurst E (ed) International law and the classification of conflicts. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 242-279
Hansen SJ (2013) Al-Shabaab in Somalia. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Harper M (2012) Getting Somalia wrong? Zed, London
Heller KJ (2013) One hell of a killing machine: signature strikes and international law. J of Int Criminal Justice 11(1):89-119
Heller KJ, Dehn JC (2011) Debate: targeted killing: the case of Anwar Al-Aulaqi. U of Pennsylvania Law Rev PENNumbra 159:175-201
Henckaerts J-M and Doswald-Beck L (2005) Customary international humanitarian law, vol I: rules. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Heyns C, Akande D, Hill-Cawthorne L, Chengeta T (2016) The international law framework regulating the use of armed drones. Int and Comp Law Q 65(4):791-827
Hill-Cawthorne L (2015) Humanitarian law, human rights law and the bifurcation of armed conflict. Int and Comp Law Q 64(2):293-325
Jinks D (2003a) The temporal scope of application of international humanitarian law in contemporary conflicts: background paper prepared for the informal high-level expert meeting on the reaffirmation and development of international humanitarian law. http://www.hpcrresearch.org/sites/default/files/publications/Session3.pdf. Accessed 22 July 2016
Jinks D (2003b) September 11 and the laws of war. Yale Int Law J 28:1-49
Jinks D (2005) The applicability of the Geneva Conventions to the ‘global war on terror’. Virginia J of Int Law 46(1):165-196
Kreß C (2010) Some reflections on the international legal framework governing transnational armed conflicts. J of Conflict and Security Law 15(2):245-274
Kretzmer D (2009) Rethinking the application of IHL in non-international armed conflicts. Israel Law Rev 42:8-45
Lietzau W (2002) Combating terrorism: law enforcement or war? In: Schmitt MN, Beruto GL (eds) Terrorism and international law. International Institute of Humanitarian Law, San Remo, pp 75-84
Lubell N (2012) The war (?) against al-Qaeda. In: Wilmshurst E (ed) International law and the classification of conflicts. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 421-454
Lubell N, Derejko N (2013) A global battlefield? drones and the geographical scope of armed conflict. J of Int Criminal Justice 11:65-88
Milanović M (2011) Norm conflicts, international humanitarian law, and human rights law. In: Ben-Naftali O (ed) International humanitarian law and international human rights law. Oxford University Press, Oxford, pp 95-125
Milanović M (2014) The end of application of international humanitarian law. Int Rev of the Red Cross 96:163-188
Moir L (2001) Legal protection of civilians during internal armed conflict. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Moir L (2002) The law of internal armed conflict. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Murray D (2017) Practitioners’ guide to human rights law in armed conflict. Oxford University Press, Oxford
O’Connell ME (2012) Unlawful killing with combat drones: a case study of Pakistan 2004-2009. In: Bronitt S et al (eds) Shooting to kill: socio-legal perspectives on the use of lethal force. Hart, Oxford, pp 263-291
Olomojobi Y (2015) Frontiers of jihad: radical Islam in Africa. Safari Books Ltd, Ibadan
Oppenheim L (1952) International law, vol II: disputes, war and neutrality, 7th edn. Longmans, Green and Co., London
Paulus A, Vashakmadze M (2009) Asymmetrical war and the notion of armed conflict—a tentative conceptualization. Int Rev of the Red Cross 91:95-125
Pejić J (2007) Status of armed conflicts. In: Wilmshurst E, Breau S (eds) Perspectives on the ICRC study on customary international humanitarian law. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp 77-100
Pejić J (2014) Extraterritorial targeting by means of armed drones: some legal implications. Int Rev of the Red Cross 96:67-106
Ramsden M (2011) Targeted killings and international human rights law: the case of Anwar Al-Awlaki. J of Conflict and Security Law 16(2):385-406
Rana MA, Sial S (2017) Overview of security in 2016: critical challenges and recommendations. PIPS Research J Conflict and Peace Studies 9(1):1-26
Sassòli M and Olson L (2008) The relationship between international humanitarian law and human rights law where it matters: admissible killing and internment of fighters in non-international armed conflicts. Int Rev of the Red Cross 90:599-629
Sassòli M (2004) Use and abuse of the laws of war in ‘the war on terrorism’. Law and Inequality 22:195-221
Schaller C (2015) Using force against terrorists ‘outside areas of active hostilities’—the Obama approach and the Bin Laden raid revisited. J of Conflict and Security Law 20(2):195-227
Schmitt MN (2012a) Unmanned combat aircraft systems and international humanitarian law: simplifying the oft benighted debate. Boston U Int Law J 30:595-619
Schmitt MN (2012b) The status of opposition fighters in non-international armed conflict. Int Law Studies 88:119-144
Schmitt MN (2014) Charting the legal geography of non-international armed conflict. Int Law Studies 90:1-19
Scobbie I (2010) Principles or pragmatics? The relationship between human rights and the law of armed conflict. J of Conflict and Security Law 14(3):449-457
Shah SA (2015) International law and drone strikes in Pakistan: the legal and socio-political aspects. Routledge, London
Shay S (2014) Somalia in transition since 2006. Transaction, New Jersey
Shöndorf R (2004) Extra-state armed conflicts: is there a need for a new legal regime? NY Univ J of Int Law and Politics 37(1):1-78
Sivakumaran S (2012) The law of non-international armed conflict. Oxford University Press, Oxford
Terrill WA (2011) The conflicts in Yemen and US national security. Strategic Studies Institute, Carlisle, PA
Vogel RJ (2015) Ending the ‘drone war’ or expanding it? Assessing the legal authority for continued US military operations against al Qa’ida after Afghanistan. Albany Government Law Rev 8:280-312
Walsh FM (2015) An enemy by any other name: the necessity of an ‘associated forces’ standard that accounts for al Qaeda’s changing nature. Arizona J of Int and Comp Law 32(2):349-369