Downloads

1. Komiyama, A., Ong, J. E., & Poungparn, S. Allometry, biomass, and productivity of mangrove forests: A review. Aquat. Bot. 89, 128-137 (2008). 2. Alongi, D. M. Carbon cycling and storage in mangrove forests. Annu. Rev. mar. sci. 6, 195-219 (2014). 3. Bouillon, S. et al. Mangrove production and carbon sinks: a revision of global budget estimates. Global Biogeochem. Cy. 22, GB2013 (2008). 4. Siikamäki, J., Sanchirico, J. N., & Jardine, S. L. Global economic potential for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from mangrove loss. PNAS 109, 14369-14374 (2012). 5. Pan, Y. et al. A large and persistent carbon sink in the world’s forests. Science 333, 988-993 (2011). 6. Donato, D. C. et al. Mangroves among the most carbon-rich forests in the tropics. Nat. Geosci. 4, 293–297 (2011). 7. Kauffman, J. B., Heider, C., Cole, T. G., Dwyer, K. & Donato, D. C. Ecosystem carbon stocks of Micronesian mangrove forests. Wetlands 31, 343–352 (2011). 8. Kristensen, E., Bouillon, S., Dittmar, T. & Marchand, C. Organic carbon dynamics in mangrove ecosystems: a review. Aquat. Bot. 89, 201-219 (2008). 9. Rovai, A. S. et al. Global controls on carbon storage in mangrove soils. Nat. Clim. Change 8, 534-538 (2018). 10. Fujimoto, K., Imaya, A., Tabuchi, R., Kuramoto, S., Utsugi, H. & Murofushi, T. Belowground carbon storage of Micronesian mangrove forests. Ecol. Research 14, 409-413 (1999). 11. Macintyre, I. G., Littler, M. M. & Littler, D. S. Holocene history of Tobacco Range, Belize, Central America. Atoll Res. Bull. 430, 1-18 (1995). 12. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Climate change 2014: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (eds. Pachauri, R. K. & Meyer, L. A.) 1-151 (IPCC, Geneva, Switzerland, 2014). 13. Murdiyarso, D. et al. The potential of Indonesian mangrove forests for global climate change mitigation. Nat. Clim. Change 5, 1089-1092 (2015). 14. Duke, N. C. et al. A world without mangroves? Science 317, 41-42 (2007). 15. Polidoro, B. A. et al. The loss of species: mangrove extinction risk and geographic areas of global concern. PloS one 5, e10095 (2010). 16. Giri, C. et al. Status and distribution of mangrove forests of the world using earth observation satellite data. Glob. Ecol. and Biogeogr. 20, 154-159 (2011). 17. Valiela, I., Bowen, J. L. & York, J. K. Mangrove Forests: One of the World's Threatened Major Tropical Environments: At least 35% of the area of mangrove forests has been lost in the past two decades, losses that exceed those for tropical rain forests and coral reefs, two other well-known threatened environments. AIBS Bulletin 51, 807-815 (2001). 18. Richards, D. R. & Friess, D. A. Rates and drivers of mangrove deforestation in Southeast Asia, 2000–2012. PNAS 113, 344-349 (2016). 19. Hamilton, S. Assessing the role of commercial aquaculture in displacing mangrove forest. Bull. Mar. Sci. 89, 585-601 (2013). 20. Barbier, E. B. & Sathirathai, S. (eds.). Shrimp Farming and Mangrove Loss in Thailand. (Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, U.K, 2004). 21. Pendleton, L. et al. Estimating global “blue carbon” emissions from conversion and degradation of vegetated coastal ecosystems. PloS one 7, e43542 (2012). 22. Lovelock, C. E., Ruess, R. W. & Feller, I. C. CO2 efflux from cleared mangrove peat. PloS one 6, e21279 (2011). 23. Fuentes, J. D. & Barr, J. G. Mangrove forests and carbon and water cycling. Agric. For. Meteorol. 213, 263-265 (2015). 24. Cameron, C., Hutley, L. B., Friess, D. A. & Munksgaard, N. C. Hydroperiod, soil moisture and bioturbation are critical drivers of greenhouse gas fluxes and vary as a function of landuse change in mangroves of Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sci. Total Environ. 654, 365-377 (2019). 25. Sidik, F. & Lovelock, C. E. CO2 efflux from shrimp ponds in Indonesia. PloS one 8, e66329 (2013). 26. Kauffman, J. B., Heider, C., Norfolk, J. & Payton, F. Carbon stocks of intact mangroves and carbon emissions arising from their conversion in the Dominican Republic. Ecol. Appl. 24, 518-527 (2014). 27. Kauffman, J. B. et al. The jumbo carbon footprint of a shrimp: carbon losses from mangrove deforestation. Front. Ecol. Environ. 15, 183-188 (2017). 28. Bhomia, R. K., Kauffman, J. B. & McFadden, T. N. Ecosystem carbon stocks of mangrove forests along the Pacific and Caribbean coasts of Honduras. Wetl. Ecol. Manag. 24, 187-201 (2016). 29. Castillo, J. A. A., Apan, A. A., Maraseni, T. N. & Salmo III, S. G. Soil C quantities of mangrove forests, their competing land uses, and their spatial distribution in the coast of Honda Bay, Philippines. Geoderma 293, 82-90 (2017). 30. Howard, J., Hoyt, S., Isensee, K., Pidgeon, E. & Telszewski, M. (eds.). Coastal Blue Carbon: Methods for assessing carbon stocks and emissions factors in mangroves, tidal salt marshes, and seagrass meadows. (Conservation International, Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Arlington, Virginia, USA, 2014). 31. Flegel, T. W. Historic emergence, impact and current status of shrimp pathogens in Asia. J. Invertebr. Pathol. 110, 166-173 (2012). 32. Hossain, M. Z. & Kwei Lin, C. Diversified uses of abandoned shrimp ponds. ITCZM Monograph Ser., 1-23 (2001). 33. Kauffman, J. B., Trejo, H. H., Garcia, M. D. C. J., Heider, C. & Contreras, W. M. Carbon stocks of mangroves and losses arising from their conversion to cattle pastures in the Pantanos de Centla, Mexico. Wetl. Ecol. Manag. 24, 203-216 (2016). 34. Kauffman, J. B. et al. Shrimp ponds lead to massive loss of soil carbon and greenhouse gas emissions in northeastern Brazilian mangroves. Ecol. Evol. 8, 5530-5540 (2018). 35. Couwenberg, J., Dommain, R. & Joosten, H. Greenhouse gas fluxes from tropical peatlands in south‐east Asia. Glob. Change Biol. 16, 1715-1732 (2010). 36. Crooks, S., Herr, D., Laffoley, D., Tamelander, J. & Vandever, J. Regulating Climate Change Through Restoration and Management of Coastal Wetlands and Near-shore Marine Ecosystems: Mitigation Potential and Policy Opportunities (World Bank, IUCN, ESA PWA, Washington, Gland, San Francisco, 2011). 37. United Nations Forum Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). https://unfccc.int/ (2019). 38. True, J. & Plathong, S. Nomination document of The Andaman bioregion of Thailand for UNESCO World Heritage nomination (Department of National Parks, Bangkok, Thailand, 2010). 39. Department for Marine and Coastal resources (DMCR). https://www.dmcr.go.th/detailLib/3749 (2018). 40. Lewis, R. R. Ecological engineering for successful management and restoration of mangrove forests. Ecol. Eng. 24, 403–418 (2005). 41. Lewis, R. R. Methods and criteria for successful mangrove forest restoration. In: Coastal Wetlands: An Integrated Ecosystem Approach (eds. Perillo, G. M. E., Wolanski, E., Cahoon, D. R. & Brinson, M. M.), 787-800 (Elsevier, 2009). 42. Mangrove Action Project (MAP). https://mangroveactionproject.org/mangrove-restoration/ (2019). 43. Lewis, R. R. & Brown, B. Ecological mangrove rehabilitation – a field manual for practitioners (Mangrove Action Project, Canadian International Development Agency and OXFAM, 2014). 44. Stringer, C. E., Trettin, C. C., Zarnoch, S. J. & Tang, W. Carbon stocks of mangroves within the Zambezi River Delta, Mozambique. Forest Ecol. Manag. 354, 139-148 (2015). 45. Osland, M. J. et al. Ecosystem development after mangrove wetland creation: plant–soil change across a 20-year chronosequence. Ecosystems 15, 848-866 (2012). 46. Alongi, D. M., Sasekumar, A., Tirendi, F. & Dixon, P. The influence of stand age on benthic decomposition and recycling of organic matter in managed mangrove forests of Malaysia. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 225, 197–218 (1998). 47. Arifanti, V. B., Kauffman, J. B., Hadriyanto, D., Murdiyarso, D. & Diana, R. Carbon dynamics and land use carbon footprints in mangrove-converted aquaculture: The case of the Mahakam Delta, Indonesia. Forest Ecol. Manag. 432, 17-29 (2019). 48. Huang, Y., Sun, W., Zhang, W. & Yu, Y. Changes in soil organic carbon of terrestrial ecosystems in China: A mini-review. Sci. China Life Sci. 53, 766-775 (2010). 49. Matsui, N., Suekuni, J., Nogami, M., Havanond, S. & Salikul, P. Mangrove rehabilitation dynamics and soil organic carbon changes as a result of full hydraulic restoration and re-grading of a previously intensively managed shrimp pond. Wetl. Ecol. Manag. 18, 233-242 (2010). 50. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) in Good Practice Guidance for Land use, Land-use Change, and Forestry (eds Penman, J. et al.) (Institute for Global Environmental Strategies, 2003). 51. Chmura, G. L., Anisfield, S. C. Cahoon, D. R. & Lynch. J. C. Global carbon sequestration in tidal, saline wetland soils. Glob. Biogeochem. Cy. 17, 1111 (2003). 52. Bukoski, J. J., Broadhead, J. S., Donato, D. C., Murdiyarso, D. & Gregoire, T. G. The Use of Mixed Effects Models for Obtaining Low-Cost Ecosystem Carbon Stock Estimates in Mangroves of the Asia-Pacific. PloS one 12, e0169096 (2017). 53. Kauffman, J. B. & Donato, D. Protocols for the measurement, monitoring and reporting of structure, biomass and carbon stocks in mangrove forests (Centre for International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Bogor, Indonesia, 2012). 54. Komiyama, A., Poungparn, S. & Kato, S. Common allometric equations for estimating the tree weight of mangroves. J. Trop. Ecol. 21, 471-477 (2005). 55. Comley, B. W. T. & McGuinness, K. A. Above-and below-ground biomass, and allometry, of four common northern Australian mangroves. Australian Journal of Botany 53, 431-436 (2005). 56. Dean, W. E. Determination of carbonate and organic matter in calcareous sediments and sedimentary rocks by loss on ignition; comparison with other methods. J. Sediment. Res. 44, 242-248 (1974). 57. Tamai, S., Nakasuga, T., Tabuchi, R. & Ogino, K. Standing biomass of mangrove forests in southern Thailand. J. Japanese Forestry Soc. 68, 384-388 (1986). 58. Ong, J. E., Gong, W. K. & Wong, C. H. Allometry and partitioning of the mangrove, Rhizophora apiculata. Forest Ecol. Manag. 188, 395-408 (2004). 59. Champely, S. et al. "Package ‘pwr’." R package version, 1-2 (2018). 60. Elwin, A. M. Social-ecological resilience of mangrove-shrimp farming communities in Thailand (Doctoral dissertation, University of Reading, 2019).