• Adam, S., R. Joyce, and X. Xu. 2019. “Labour’s proposed income tax rises for high-income individuals.” IFS Briefing Note BN265, Institution for Fiscal Studies.
• Adler, M. 1985. “Stardom and Talent.” American Economic Review, 75(1): 208–212.
• Alvaredo, F., A. B. Atkinson, T. Piketty, and E. Saez. 2013. “The Top 1 Percent in International and Historical Perspective.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(3): 3–20.
• Arellano, M., and S. Bond. 1991. “Some Tests of Specification for Panel Data: Monte Carlo Evidence and an Application to Employment Equations.” The Review of Economic Studies, 58(2): 277–297.
• Bakija, J., A. Cole, and B. Heim. 2012. “Jobs and Income Growth of Top Earners and the Causes of Changing Income Inequality: Evidence from U.S. Tax Return Data.” Department of Economics Working Papers 2010-22, Department of Economics, Williams College.
• Berk, R. 1990. “A primer on robust regression.” In Modern Methods of Data Analysis. Eds. by J. Fox, and J. S. Long, Newbury Park, CA Sage, , Chap. 7 292–324.
• Brandes, L., E. Franck, and S. Nüesch. 2008. “Local Heroes and Superstars: An Empirical Analysis of Star Attraction in German Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 9(3): 266–286.
• Bryson, A., G. Rossi, and R. Simmons. 2014. “The Migrant Wage Premium in Professional Football: A Superstar Effect?” Kyklos, 67(1): 12–28.
• Carrieri, V., F. Principe, and M. Raitano. 2018. “What makes you ‘super-rich’? New evidence from an analysis of football players’ wages.” Oxford Economic Papers, 70(4): 950–973.
• Célérier, C., and B. Vallée. 2019. “Returns to Talent and the Finance Wage Premium.” The Review of Financial Studies, 32(10): 4005–4040.
• Coates, D., B. Frick, and T. Jewell. 2016. “Superstar Salaries and Soccer Success: The Impact of Designated Players in Major League Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 17(7): 716–735.
• Ferrari, L., and M. Rueda. 2015. “2015 MLS collective bargaining agreement: Moving in the Right Direction.” Global Sports Law and Taxation, 6(2): 6–11.
• Franck, E., and S. Nüesch. 2012. “Talent And/Or Popularity: What Does It Take To Be A Superstar?” Economic Inquiry, 50(1): 202–216.
• Franzini, M., E. Granaglia, and M. Raitano. 2016. Extreme Inequalities in Contemporary Capitalism. Cham Springer.
• Frick, B. 2007. “The Football Players’ Labor Market: Empirical Evidence from the Major European Leagues.” Scottish Journal of Political Economy, 54(3): 422–446.
• Hamlen Jr, W. A. 1991. “Superstardom in Popular Music: Empirical Evidence.” Review of Economics and Statistics 729–733.
• Hausman, J. A., and G. K. Leonard. 1997. “Superstars in the National Basketball Association: Economic Value and Policy.” Journal of Labor Economics, 15(4): 586–624.
• Hoffman, K., and C. Opitz. 2019. “Talent and publicity as determinants of superstar incomes: empirical evidence from the motion picture industry.” Applied Economics, 51(13): 1383–1395.
• Jane, W.-J. 2016. “The Effect of Star Quality on Attendance Demand: The Case of the National Basketball Association.” Journal of Sports Economics, 17(4): 396–417.
• Jewell, R. T. 2017. “The Effect of Marquee Players on Sports Demand: The Case of U.S. Major League Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 18(3): 239–252.
• Kaplan, S. N., and J. Rauh. 2013. “It’s the Market: The Broad-Based Rise in the Return to Top Talent.” Journal of Economic Perspectives, 27(3): 35–56.
• Koenig, F. 2019. “Technical Change and Superstar Effects: Evidence from the Roll-Out of Television.” Working Paper.
• Krueger, A. 2005. “The Economics of Real Superstars: The Market for Rock Concerts in the Material World.” Journal of Labor Economics, 23(1): 1–30.
• Kuethe, T., and M. Motamed. 2010. “Returns to Stardom: Evidence From U.S. Major League Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 11(5): 567–579.
• Lawson, R. A., K. Sheehan, and E. F. Stephenson. 2008. “Vend It Like Beckham: David Beckham’s Effect on MLS Ticket Sales.” International Journal of Sport Finance, 3(4): 189–195.
• Lucifora, C., and R. Simmons. 2003. “Superstar Effects in Sport: Evidence From Italian Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 4(1): 35–55.
• Major League Soccer. 2017a. “General Allocation Money.” , Accessed: 14/09/2020.
• Major League Soccer. 2017b. “Targeted Allocation Money.” , Accessed: 14/09/2020.
• Major League Soccer. 2020. “Media Resources: League Rules and Guidelines.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Major League Soccer Players Union. 2015. “Collective Bargaining Agreement between Major League Soccer and Major League Soccer Players Union.” https://mlsplayers.org/resources/cba, Accessed: 01/06/2019.
• Ormiston, R. 2014. “Attendance Effects of Star Pitchers in Major League Baseball.” Journal of Sports Economics, 15(4): 338–364.
• Paton, D., and A. Cooke. 2005. “Attendance at County Cricket.” Journal of Sports Economics, 6(1): 24–45.
• Peeters, T. 2015. “Profit-Maximizing Gate Revenue Sharing in Sports Leagues.” Economic Inquiry, 53(2): 1275–â˘A ¸S1291.
• Rosen, S. 1981. “The Economics of Superstars.” American Economic Review, 71(5): 845–858.
• Simmons, R. 1997. “Implications of the Bosman ruling for football transfer markets.” Economic Affairs, 17(3): 13–18.
• Smith, C. 2013. “Major League Soccer’s Most Valuable Teams 2013.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Smith, C. 2015. “Major League Soccer’s Most Valuable Teams 2015.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Smith, C. 2016. “Major League Soccer’s Most Valuable Teams 2016.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Smith, C. 2017. “Major League Soccer’s Most Valuable Teams 2017.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Smith, C. 2018. “Major League Soccer’s Most Valuable Teams 2018.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.
• Szymanski, S. 2007. “The Economics of Sport: An International Perspective. By Robert Sandy, Peter J. Sloane and Mark S. Rosentraub.” Economica, 74(294): 376–378.
• Terviö, M. 2009. “Superstars and Mediocrities: Market Failure in the Discovery of Talent.” The Review of Economic Studies, 76(2): 829–850.
• Thrane, C. 2019. “Performance and Actual Pay in Norwegian Soccer.” Journal of Sports Economics, 20(8).
• Twomey, J., and J. Monks. 2011. “Monopsony and salary suppression: The case of Major League Soccer in the united states.” The American Economist, 56(1): 20–28.
• US Court of Appeals. 2002. “Fraser v. Major League Soccer.” , Accessed: 01/02/2020.