Saturn's weather‐driven aurorae modulate oscillations in the magnetic field and radio emissions

Chowdhury, M. N., Stallard, T. S., Baines, K. H., Provan, G., Melin, H., Hunt, G. J., Moore, L., O'Donoghue, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4218-1191, Thomas, E. M., Wang, R., Miller, S. and Badman, S. V. (2022) Saturn's weather‐driven aurorae modulate oscillations in the magnetic field and radio emissions. Geophysical Research Letters, 49 (3). e2021GL096492. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: 10.1029/2021GL096492

Abstract/Summary

The Cassini spacecraft revealed that Saturn's magnetic field displayed oscillations at a period originally thought to match the planetary rotation rate but later found not to. One of many proposed theories predicts that a polar twin-cell neutral weather system drives this variation, producing observable differences in flows within Saturn's ionosphere. Here, using spectral observations of auroral H3+ emission lines taken by the Keck Observatory's Near Infrared Echelle Spectrograph (Keck-NIRSPEC) in 2017, we derive ion line-of-sight velocity maps after grouping spectra into rotational quadrants matching phases of the planetary magnetic field. We measure 0.5 km s−1 wind systems in the ionosphere consistent with predicted neutral twin-vortex flow patterns. These findings demonstrate that neutral winds in Saturn's polar regions cause the rotational period, as determined via the magnetic field, to exhibit differences and time variabilities relative to the planet's true period of rotation in a process never before seen within planetary atmospheres.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/id/eprint/120075
Identification Number/DOI	10.1029/2021GL096492
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	No Reading authors. Back catalogue items Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Meteorology
Publisher	American Geophysical Union
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