Direct radiative effect of aerosols emitted by transport from road, shipping and aviation

Balkanski, Y., Myhre, G., Gauss, M., Radel, G., Highwood, E. J. and Shine, K. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978 (2010) Direct radiative effect of aerosols emitted by transport from road, shipping and aviation. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 10. pp. 4477-4489. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: 10.5194/acp-10-4477-2010

Abstract/Summary

Aerosols and their precursors are emitted abundantly by transport activities. Transportation constitutes one of the fastest growing activities and its growth is predicted to increase significantly in the future. Previous studies have estimated the aerosol direct radiative forcing from one transport sub-sector, but only one study to our knowledge estimated the range of radiative forcing from the main aerosol components (sulphate, black carbon (BC) and organic carbon) for the whole transportation sector. In this study, we compare results from two different chemical transport models and three radiation codes under different hypothesis of mixing: internal and external mixing using emission inventories for the year 2000. The main results from this study consist of a positive direct radiative forcing for aerosols emitted by road traffic of +20±11 mW m−2 for an externally mixed aerosol, and of +32±13 mW m−2 when BC is internally mixed. These direct radiative forcings are much higher than the previously published estimate of +3±11 mW m−2. For transport activities from shipping, the net direct aerosol radiative forcing is negative. This forcing is dominated by the contribution of the sulphate. For both an external and an internal mixture, the radiative forcing from shipping is estimated at −26±4 mW m−2. These estimates are in very good agreement with the range of a previously published one (from −46 to −13 mW m−2) but with a much narrower range. By contrast, the direct aerosol forcing from aviation is estimated to be small, and in the range −0.9 to +0.3 mW m−2.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/id/eprint/5873
Identification Number/DOI	10.5194/acp-10-4477-2010
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Science > School of Mathematical, Physical and Computational Sciences > Department of Meteorology
Publisher	Copernicus Publications
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