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Effects of oils rich in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on the oxidizability and thrombogenicity of low-density lipoprotein

Mesa, M.D., Buckley, R., Minihane, A.M. and Yaqoob, P. (2004) Effects of oils rich in eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids on the oxidizability and thrombogenicity of low-density lipoprotein. Atherosclerosis, 175 (2). pp. 333-343. ISSN 0021-9150

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To link to this item DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.04.004

Abstract/Summary

Consumption of oily fish and fish oils is associated with protection against cardiovascular disease. Paradoxically, long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids present in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are suggested to be susceptible to oxidation. It is not clear whether eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) have similar effects on the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation or whether they affect the thrombogenicity of oxidized LDL. This study examined the influence of highly purified preparations of EPA and DHA on LDL oxidizability and LDL-supported thrombin generation in healthy human volunteers. Forty-two healthy volunteers were randomly assigned to receive olive oil (placebo), an EPA-rich oil or a DHA-rich oil for 4 weeks at a dose of 9 g oil/day. EPA and DHA were incorporated into LDL phospholipids and cholesteryl esters during the supplementation period, but were progressively lost during ex vivo copper-mediated oxidation. Following supplementation, the EPA treatment significantly increased the formation of conjugated dienes during LDL oxidation compared with baseline, whereas the DHA treatment had no effect. Neither treatment significantly affected the lag time for oxidation, oxidation rate during the propagation phase or maximum diene production. Neither EPA nor DHA significantly affected the thrombotic tendency of oxidized LDL compared with the placebo, although DHA tended to decrease it. In conclusion, there are subtle differences in the effects of EPA and DHA on the oxidizability and thrombogenicity of LDL. DHA does not appear to increase the susceptibility of LDL to oxidation to the same degree as EPA and has a tendency to decrease LDL-supported thrombin generation. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Divisions:Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences
Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR)
ID Code:13153
Uncontrolled Keywords:fish oil, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, oxidized LDL, thrombin, POLYUNSATURATED FATTY-ACIDS, CORONARY HEART-DISEASE, EX-VIVO OXIDATION, FISH-OIL, VITAMIN-E, PLASMA-LIPOPROTEINS, DIETARY SUPPLEMENTATION, ATHEROSCLEROTIC PLAQUE, MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN

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