Paracrine effects of TLR4-polarised mesenchymal stromal cells are mediated by extracellular vesiclesZeuner, M.-T., Patel, K., Denecke, B., Giebel, B. and Widera, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1686-130X (2016) Paracrine effects of TLR4-polarised mesenchymal stromal cells are mediated by extracellular vesicles. Journal of Translational Medicine, 14. 34. ISSN 1479-5876
It is advisable to refer to the publisher's version if you intend to cite from this work. See Guidance on citing. To link to this item DOI: 10.1186/s12967-016-0794-z Abstract/SummaryMesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are adult stem cells able to give rise to bone, cartilage and fat cells. In addition, they possess immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive properties that are mainly mediated through secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs). In a previous issue of Journal of Translational Medicine, Ti and colleagues demonstrated that preconditioning of MSCs with bacterial lipopolysaccharides results in secretion of EVs that can polarise mac‑ rophages towards anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype. Moreover, the authors suggest that EVs of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated MSCs are superior to EVs of untreated MSCs concerning their ability to support wound healing. Our commentary critically discusses parallel efforts of other laboratories to generate conditioned media from stem cells for therapeutic applications, and highlights impact and significance of the study of Ti et al. Finally, we summarise its limitations and spotlight areas that need to be addressed to better define the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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