Training human super-recognizers’ detection and discrimination of AI-generated faces

Gray, K. L. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6071-4588, Davis, J. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0017-7159, Bunce, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3150-1110, Noyes, E. and Ritchie, K. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1348-760X (2025) Training human super-recognizers’ detection and discrimination of AI-generated faces. Royal Society Open Science, 12 (11). 250921. ISSN 2054-5703 doi: 10.1098/rsos.250921

Abstract/Summary

Generative adversarial networks (GANs) can create realistic synthetic faces, which have the potential to be used for nefarious purposes. The synthetic faces produced by GANs are difficult to detect and are often judged to be more realistic than real faces. Training programmes have been developed to improve human synthetic face detection accuracy, with mixed results. Here, we investigate synthetic face detection and discrimination in super-recognizers (SRs; who have exceptional face recognition skills), and typical-ability control participants. We also devised a training procedure which sought to highlight rendering artefacts. In two different experimental designs, we found that SRs (total N = 283) were better at detecting and discriminating synthetic faces than controls (total N = 381), where control participants were below chance without training. Trained SRs and controls had significantly better performance than those without training, and the magnitude of the training effect was similar in both groups. Our results suggest that SRs are using cues unrelated to rendering artefacts to detect and discriminate synthetic faces, and that an easily implementable training procedure increases their performance to above chance levels. These results have implications for real-world scenarios, where trained SRs' performance could be harnessed for synthetic face detection.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/id/eprint/127222
Identification Number/DOI	10.1098/rsos.250921
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Life Sciences > School of Psychology and Clinical Language Sciences > Department of Psychology
Publisher	The Royal Society
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