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Comparative anti-inflammatory effects of plant- and marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids explored in an endothelial cell line

Baker, E. J., Valenzuela, C. A., De Souza, C. O., Yaqoob, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6716-7599, Miles, E. A. and Calder, P. C. (2020) Comparative anti-inflammatory effects of plant- and marine-derived omega-3 fatty acids explored in an endothelial cell line. Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 1865 (6). 158662. ISSN 1388-1981

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To link to this item DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158662

Abstract/Summary

Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) lower risk of cardiovascular disease. The primary source of EPA and DHA is fatty fish. Plant-derived alpha linolenic acid (ALA) and stearidonic acid (SDA) could provide sustainable land-based alternatives, but their functionality is underexplored. Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FAs) may influence atherogenic processes through changing endothelial cell (EC) function and lowering inflammation. This study compared effects of marine- and plant-derived n-3 FAs on EC inflammatory responses. EA.hy926 cells were exposed to ALA, SDA, EPA or DHA prior to stimulation with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. All FAs were shown to be incorporated into ECs in a dose-dependent manner. SDA (50 μM) decreased both production and cell-surface expression of intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1; however EPA and DHA resulted in greater reduction of ICAM-1 production and expression. EPA and DHA also significantly lowered production of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8. ALA, SDA and DHA (50 μM) all reduced adhesion of THP-1 monocytes to EA.hy926 cells. DHA significantly decreased nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB)p105 gene expression and phosphorylated NFκBp65 protein. Both EPA and DHA (50 μM) significantly decreased cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein. Thus, both marine-derived n-3 FAs, particularly DHA, had potent anti-inflammatory effects in this EC model. Of the plant-derived n-3 FAs, SDA showed the greatest inhibition of inflammation. Although neither ALA nor SDA reproduced the anti-inflammatory effects of EPA and DHA in this model, there is some potential for SDA to be a sustainable anti-inflammatory alternative to the marine n-3 FAs.

Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Divisions:Central Services > Office of the Vice Chancellor
Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
ID Code:89542
Publisher:Elsevier

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