Impact of chronic consumption of probiotics, oats, and apples on expression of genes related to bile acids, lipid, gut peptides, and inflammation in peripheral monocular cells - Findings from the CABALA study

Alzoufairi, S., Pushpass, R.-A., Liu, L., Lovegrove, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 and Jackson, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3203 (2025) Impact of chronic consumption of probiotics, oats, and apples on expression of genes related to bile acids, lipid, gut peptides, and inflammation in peripheral monocular cells - Findings from the CABALA study. European Journal of Nutrition, 64. 176. ISSN 1436-6215 doi: 10.1007/s00394-025-03694-x

Abstract/Summary

Purpose: Chronic intakes of functional foods (probiotics, apples and oats) have been reported to have beneficial effects on hepatic lipid regulation and glycaemic control, but mechanistic human studies humans are limited. An ex-vivo study was performed to determine the chronic effects of probiotics, oats, and apples on the expression of genes related to markers of cardiometabolic health in peripheral blood monocular cells (PBMC). Methods: In this CABALA sub-study (n=59/61, age: 52±12y), blood PBMC were also isolated before and 8 weeks after the daily consumption of either a probiotic with bile salt hydrolase activity (Lactobacillus reuteri), porridge oats, Renetta Canada apples or a control. Relative PBMC mRNA gene expression was determined and correlations performed between the fold change in response to the functional interventions and change in cardiometabolic disease risk markers. Results Relative to baseline, there was an upregulation in the PBMC TLR4 mRNA expression in the control compared with the probiotics and apples groups (p≤0.024). Moderate inverse correlations were found between the fold change in GPBAR1 mRNA expression and change in plasma total and secondary BAs, HMGCR and SREBF1 mRNA gene expressions and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and SREBF1 and GIPR mRNA gene expressions and glucose. TLR4 and TNFSF14 mRNA gene expressions were associated with pro-inflammatory cytokines (p=0.05). Conclusion Probiotic and apples interventions attenuated the upregulation in PBMC TLR4 mRNA expression observed with the control. Correlations between fold change in mRNA gene expression and changes in cardiometabolic disease risk markers in response to the functional interventions were in agreement with previous studies.

Item Type	Article
URI	https://centaur.reading.ac.uk/id/eprint/122648
Identification Number/DOI	10.1007/s00394-025-03694-x
Refereed	Yes
Divisions	Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR) Interdisciplinary Research Centres (IDRCs) > Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health (IFNH) Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Publisher	Springer
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