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A review of the evidence for the effects of total dietary fat, SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA on vascular function, endothelial progenitor cells and microparticles

Vafeiadou, K., Weech, M., Sharma, V., Yaqoob, P., Todd, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9981-923X, Williams, C., Jackson, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0070-3203 and Lovegrove, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7633-9455 (2012) A review of the evidence for the effects of total dietary fat, SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA on vascular function, endothelial progenitor cells and microparticles. British Journal of Nutrition, 107 (3). pp. 303-324. ISSN 1475-2662

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To link to this item DOI: 10.1017/S0007114511004764

Abstract/Summary

Vascular dysfunction is recognised as an integrative marker of CVD. While dietary strategies aimed at reducing CVD risk include reductions in the intake of SFA, there are currently no clear guidelines on what should replace SFA. The purpose of this review was to assess the evidence for the effects of total dietary fat and individual fatty acids (SFA, MUFA and n-6 PUFA) on vascular function, cellular microparticles and endothelial progenitor cells. Medline was systematically searched from 1966 until November 2010. A total of fifty-nine peer-reviewed publications (covering fifty-six studies), which included five epidemiological, eighteen dietary intervention and thirty-three test meal studies, were identified. The findings from the epidemiological studies were inconclusive. The limited data available from dietary intervention studies suggested a beneficial effect of low-fat diets on vascular reactivity, which was strongest when the comparator diet was high in SFA, with a modest improvement in measures of vascular reactivity when high-fat, MUFA-rich diets were compared with SFA-rich diets. There was consistent evidence from the test meal studies that high-fat meals have a detrimental effect on postprandial vascular function. However, the evidence for the comparative effects of test meals rich in MUFA or n-6 PUFA with SFA on postprandial vascular function was limited and inconclusive. The lack of studies with comparable within-study dietary fatty acid targets, a variety of different study designs and different methods for determining vascular function all confound any clear conclusions on the impact of dietary fat and individual fatty acids on vascular function.

Item Type:Article
Refereed:Yes
Divisions:Life Sciences > School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy > Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences > Human Nutrition Research Group
Interdisciplinary centres and themes > Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research (ICMR)
ID Code:22434
Publisher:Cambridge University Press

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