A

Abernathey, R. and Ferreira, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-9774 (2015) Southern Ocean isopycnal mixing and ventilation changes driven by winds. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (23). pp. 10357-10365. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066238

Abraham, S., Bartlett, R., Standage, M., Black, A., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220 and McCloy, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2333-9640 (2015) Do location specific forecasts pose a new challenge for communicating uncertainty? Meteorological Applications, 22 (3). pp. 554-562. ISSN 1469-8080 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/met.1487

Ades, M. and Van Leeuwen, P. (2015) The effect of the equivalent-weights particle filter on dynamical balance in a primitive equation model. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (2). pp. 581-596. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00050.1

Adloff, F., Somot, S., Sevault, F., Jordà, G., Aznar, R., Déqué, M., Herrmann, M., Marcos, M., Dubois, C., Padorno, E., Alvarez-Fanjul, E. and Gomis, D. (2015) Mediterranean Sea response to climate change in an ensemble of twenty first century scenarios. Climate Dynamics, 45 (9-10). pp. 2775-2802. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2507-3

Airey, M. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9784-0043, Mather, T. A., Pyle, D. M., Glaze, L. S., Ghail, R. C. and Wilson, C. F. (2015) Explosive volcanic activity on Venus: The roles of volatile contribution, degassing, and external environment. Planetary and Space Science, 113 - 114. 33 - 48. ISSN 0032-0633 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2015.01.009

Allanson, O., Neukirch, T., Wilson, F. and Troscheit, S. (2015) An exact collisionless equilibrium for the force-free Harris sheet with low plasma beta. Physics of Plasmas, 22 (10). p. 102116. ISSN 1070-664X doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4934611

Allison, L., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677 and Woollings, T. (2015) An event-based approach to understanding decadal fluctuations in the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. Climate Dynamics, 44 (1-2). pp. 163-190. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2271-9

Amezcua, J. and Williams, P. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-9820 (2015) The composite-tendency Robert–Asselin–Williams (RAW) filter in semi-implicit integrations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (688). pp. 764-773. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2391

Anderson, B. T., Lintner, B. R., Langenbrunner, B., Neelin, J. D., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677 and Syktus, J. (2015) Sensitivity of terrestrial precipitation trends to the structural evolution of sea surface temperatures. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (4). pp. 1190-1196. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062593

Andre, D., Morrison, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-0316, Blacknell, D., Muff, D., Nottingham, M. and Stevenson, C. (2015) Very high resolution Coherent Change Detection. In: Radar Conference (RadarCon), 2015 IEEE, 10-15 May 2015, Arlington, VA, USA, 0634-0639. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2015.7131074

Aplin, K. L. and Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 (2015) Further considerations of cosmic ray modulation of infra-red radiation in the atmosphere. Astroparticle Physics, 68. pp. 52-60. ISSN 0927-6505 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2015.03.001

Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436 (2015) The risk of drought. In: King, D., Schrag, D., Dadi, Z., Ye, Q. and Ghosh, A. (eds.) Climate Change: A Risk Assessment. Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, pp. 84-87.

Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436 (2015) The risk of river flooding. In: King, D., Schrag, D., Dadi, Z., Ye, Q. and Ghosh, A. (eds.) Climate Change: A Risk Assessment. Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, pp. 88-93.

Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436 (2015) The risk of water stress. In: King, D., Schrag, D., Dadi, Z., Ye, Q. and Ghosh, A. (eds.) Climate change: a risk assessment. Centre for Science and Policy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, pp. 74-83.

Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436 (2015) A short guide to climate change risk. A Short Guide to Business Risk. Gower, Farnham, Surrey, pp226. ISBN 9781409453529

Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436, Halliday, S., Battarbee, R. W., Skeffington, R. and Wade, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5296-8350 (2015) The implications of climate change for the water environment in England. Progress in Physical Geography, 39 (1). pp. 93-120. ISSN 1477-0296 doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0309133314560369

B

Baker, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2697-1350, Sodemann, H., Baldini, J. U. L., Breitenbach, S. F. M., Johnson, K. R., van Hunen, J. and Zhang, P. (2015) Seasonality of westerly moisture transport in the East Asian summer monsoon and its implications for interpreting precipitation δ18O. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (12). pp. 5850-5862. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022919

Baker, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Collins, W. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850, Olivie, D. J. L., Cherian, R., Myhre, G. and Quaas, J. (2015) Climate responses to anthropogenic emissions of short-lived climate pollutants. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (14). pp. 8201-8216. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8201-2015

Balmaseda, M. A., Hernandez, F., Storto, A., Palmer, M. D., Alves, O., Shi, L., Smith, G. C., Toyoda, T., Valdivieso, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1738-7016, Barnier, B., Behringer, D., Boyer, T., Chang, Y.S., Chepurin, G. A., Ferry, N., Forget, G., Fujii, Y., Good, S., Guinehut, S., Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374, Ishikawa, Y., Keeley, S., Kohl, A., Lee, T., Martin, M. J., Masina, S., Masuda, S., Meyssignac, B., Mogensen, K., Parent, L., Peterson, K. A., Tang, Y. M., Yin, Y., Vernieres, G., Wang, X., Waters, J., Wedd, R., Wang, O., Xue, Y., Chevallier, M., Lemieux, J. F., Dupont, F., Kuragano, T., Kamachi, M., Awaji, T., Caltabiano, A., Wilmer-Becker, K. and Gaillard, F. (2015) The Ocean Reanalysis Intercomparison project (ORA-IP). Journal of Operational Oceanography, 8 (sup1). s80-s97. ISSN 1755-8778 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2015.1022329

Balsamo, G., Albergel, C., Beljaars, A., Boussetta, S., Brun, E., Cloke, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Dee, D., Dutra, E., Muñoz-Sabater, J., Pappenberger, F., de Rosnay, P., Stockdale, T. and Vitart, F. (2015) ERA-Interim/Land: a global land surface reanalysis data set. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 19 (1). pp. 389-407. ISSN 1027-5606 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-19-389-2015

Bannister, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6846-8297 (2015) How is the balance of a forecast ensemble affected by adaptive and non-adaptive localization schemes? Monthly Weather Review, 143 (9). pp. 3680-3699. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00379.1

Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449, Lane, S. E. and Wood, C. R. (2015) Observations of urban boundary layer structure during a strong urban heat island event. Environmental Fluid Mechanics, 15 (2). pp. 1567-7419. ISSN 1567-7419 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10652-014-9335-6

Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Scott, C.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Crothers, S. R., Davies, J. A. and Harrison, R. A. (2015) Differences between the CME fronts tracked by an expert, an automated algorithm, and the Solar Stormwatch project. Space Weather, 13 (10). pp. 709-725. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015SW001280

Barnard, L., Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Tucker-Hood, K., Wilkinson, J., Harder, B. and Baeten, E. (2015) Solar stormwatch: tracking solar eruptions. Astronomy & Geophysics, 56 (4). 4.20-4.24. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atv131

Barrett, A. I., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Kirshbaum, D. J., Roberts, N. M., Schultz, D. M. and Fairman Jr, J. G. (2015) Synoptic versus orographic control on stationary convective banding. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1101-1113. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2409 (Part B)

Bartlett, L. J., Williams, D. R., Prescott, G. W., Balmford, A., Green, R. E., Eriksson, A., Valdes, P. J., Singarayer, J. S. and Manica, A. (2015) Robustness despite uncertainty: regional climate data reveal the dominant role of humans in explaining global extinctions of Late Quaternary megafauna. Ecography. ISSN 0906-7590 doi: https://doi.org/10.1111/ecog.01566

Belcher, S. E., Coceal, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-6755, Goulart, E. V., Rudd, A. C. and Robins, A. G. (2015) Processes controlling atmospheric dispersion through city centres. Journal Of Fluid Mechanics, 763. pp. 51-81. ISSN 0022-1120 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.661

Bellprat, O., Lott, F. C., Gulizia, C., Parker, H. R., Pampuch, L. A., Pinto, I., Ciavarella, A. and Stott, P. A. (2015) Unusual past dry and wet rainy seasons over Southern Africa and South America from a climate perspective. Weather and Climate Extremes, 9. pp. 36-46. ISSN 22120947 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2015.07.001

Bellucci, A., Haarsma, R., Bellouin, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-9559, Booth, B., Cagnazzo, C., van den Hurk, B., Keenlyside, N., Koenigk, T., Massonet, F., Materia, S. and Weiss, M. (2015) Advancements in decadal climate predictability: the role of nonoceanic drivers. Reviews of Geophysics, 53 (2). pp. 165-202. ISSN 8755-1209 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014RG000473

Best, M. J. and Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 (2015) Key conclusions of the first international urban land surface model comparison project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (5). pp. 805-819. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00122.1

Beven, K., Cloke, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Pappenberger, F., Lamb, R. and Hunter, N. (2015) Hyperresolution information and hyperresolution ignorance in modelling the hydrology of the land surface. Science China Earth Sciences, 58 (1). pp. 25-35. ISSN 1869-1897 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11430-014-5003-4

Bilbao, R. A. F., Gregory, J. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-8644 and Bouttes, N. (2015) Analysis of the regional pattern of sea level change due to ocean dynamics and density changes for 1993-2099 in observations and CMIP5 AOGCMs. Climate Dynamics, 45 (9). pp. 2647-2666. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2499-z

Bingham, R. J., Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374 and Lea, D. (2015) A comparison of GOCE and drifter-based estimates of the North Atlantic steady-state surface circulation. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 35 (A). pp. 140-150. ISSN 0303-2434 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2014.03.012

Birch, C. E., Roberts, M. J., Garcia-Carreras, L., Ackerley, D., Reeder, M. J., Lock, A. P. and Schiemann, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3095-9856 (2015) Sea-breeze dynamics and convection initiation: the influence of convective parameterization in weather and climate model biases. Journal of Climate, 28 (20). pp. 8093-8108. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00850.1

Bjorkeren, A. B., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Kotthaus, S. and Malamud, B. D. (2015) CO2 emission estimation in the urban environment: measurement of the CO2 storage term. Atmospheric Environment, 122. pp. 775-790. ISSN 1352-2310 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.10.012

Black, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6186, Tarnavsky, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3403-0411, Greatrex, H., Maidment, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3259, Mookerjee, A., Quaife, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-4613 and Price, J. (2015) Exploiting satellite-based rainfall for weather index insurance: the challenges of spatial and temporal aggregation. In: First International electronic conference on Remote Sensing, 22 Jun - 5 Jul 2015. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ecrs-1-f002 (Vol 1: f002)

Bloch-Johnson, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8465-5383, Pierrehumbert, R. T. and Abbot, D. S. (2015) Feedback temperature dependence determines the risk of high warming. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (12). pp. 4973-4980. ISSN 1944-8007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064240

Blower, J. D., Masó, J., Díaz, D., Roberts, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1147-8961, Griffiths, G. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6340-3686, Lewis, J. P., Yang, X. and Pons, X. (2015) Communicating thematic data quality with web map services. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4 (4). pp. 1965-1981. ISSN 2220-9964 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi4041965

Bohnenstengel, S. I., Belcher, S. E., Aiken, A., Allan, J. D., Allen, G., Bacak, A., Bannan, T. J., Barlow, J. F., Beddows, D. C. S., Bloss, W. J., Booth, A. M., Chemel, C., Coceal, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0705-6755, Di Marco, C. F., Dubey, M. K., Faloon, K. H., Fleming, Z. L., Furger, M., Gietl, J. K., Graves, R. R., Green, D. C., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Halios, C. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449, Hamilton, J. F., Harrison, R. M., Heal, M. R., Heard, D. E., Helfter, C., Herndon, S. C., Holmes, R. E., Hopkins, J. R., Jones, A. M., Kelly, F. J., Kotthaus, S., Langford, B., Lee, J. D., Leigh, R. J., Lewis, A. C., Lidster, R. T., Lopez-Hilfiker, F. D., McQuaid, J. B., Mohr, C., Monks, P. S., Nemitz, E., Ng, N. L., Percival, C. J., Prévôt, A. S. H., Ricketts, H. M. A., Sokhi, R., Stone, D., Thornton, J. A., Tremper, A. H., Valach, A. C., Visser, S., Whalley, L. K., Williams, L. R., Xu, L., Young, D. E. and Zotter, P. (2015) Meteorology, air quality, and health in London: the ClearfLo project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (5). pp. 779-804. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00245.1

Bonan, B., Baines, M. J., Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 and Partridge, D. (2015) A moving point approach to model shallow ice sheets: a study case with radially-symmetrical ice sheets. The Cryosphere Discussions, 9 (4). pp. 4237-4270. ISSN 1994-0432 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/tcd-9-4237-2015

Bony, S., Stevens, B., Frierson, D. M. W., Jakob, C., Kageyama, M., Pincus, R., Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968, Sherwood, S. C., Siebesma, A. P., Sobel, A. H., Watanabe, M. and Webb, M. J. (2015) Clouds, circulation and climate sensitivity. Nature Geoscience, 8 (4). pp. 261-268. ISSN 1752-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/NGEO2398

Boutle, I. A., Belcher, S. E. and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2015) Friction in mid-latitude cyclones: an Ekman-PV mechanism. Atmospheric Science Letters, 16 (2). pp. 103-109. ISSN 1530-261X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/asl2.526

Bouttes, N., Roche, D. M., Mariotti, V. and Bopp, L. (2015) Including an ocean carbon cycle model into iLOVECLIM (v1.0). Geoscientific Model Development, 8 (5). pp. 1563-1576. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1563-2015

Bradley, J. A., Anesio, A. M., Singarayer, J. S., Heath, M. R. and Arndt, S. (2015) SHIMMER (1.0): a novel mathematical model for microbial and biogeochemical dynamics in glacier forefield ecosystems. Geoscientific Model Development, 8 (10). pp. 3441-3470. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3441-2015

Bradley, S., Barlow, J., Lalley, J. and Halios, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449 (2015) A sodar for profiling in a spatially inhomogeneous urban environment. Meteorologische Zeitschrift, 24 (6). pp. 615-624. ISSN 0941-2948 doi: https://doi.org/10.1127/metz/2015/0657

Brown, S., Aplin, K. L., Jenkins, K., Mander, S., Walsh, C. and Williams, P. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-9820 (2015) Is there a Rhythm Of The Rain? An analysis of weather in popular music. Weather, 70 (7). pp. 198-204. ISSN 0043-1656 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.2464

Browne, P. A. and Van Leeuwen, P. J. (2015) Twin experiments with the equivalent weights particle filter and HadCM3. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2621

Browne, P. A. and Wilson, S. (2015) A simple method for integrating a complex model into an ensemble data assimilation system using MPI. Environmental Modelling & Software, 68. pp. 122-128. ISSN 1364-8152 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.02.003

Browning, K. A., Smart, D. J., Clark, M. R. and Illingworth, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-8410 (2015) The role of evaporating showers in the transfer of sting-jet momentum to the surface. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (693). pp. 2956-2971. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2581

Buehner, M., Gelaro, R., Alves, O., Dee, D., Kalnay, E., Van Leeuwen, P. J., Lorenc, A., Miyoshi, T., Saunders, R. and Schiller, A. (2015) Data assimilation methods and applications. In: Brunet, G., Jones, S. and Ruti, P.M. (eds.) Seamless prediction of the earth system: from minutes to months. World Meteorological Organization. ISBN 9789263111562

Bulgin, C. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4368-7386, Eastwood, S., Embury, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828, Merchant, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850 and Donlon, C. (2015) Sea surface temperature climate change initiative: alternative image classification algorithms for sea-ice affected oceans. Remote Sensing of Environment, 162. pp. 396-407. ISSN 0034-4257 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2013.11.022

Burgess, B. H., Scott, R. K. and Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2015) Kraichnan–Leith–Batchelor similarity theory and two-dimensional inverse cascades. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 767. pp. 467-496. ISSN 0022-1120 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.26

Burgess, M. and Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303 (2015) Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with extreme cold winters in the UK. Weather, 70 (7). pp. 211-217. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.2476

Bush, S. J., Turner, A. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514, Martin, G. M. and Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303 (2015) The effect of increased convective entrainment on Asian monsoon biases in the MetUM General Circulation Model. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (686). pp. 311-326. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2371

C

Cai, W., Santoso, A., Wang, G., Yeh, S.-W., An, S.-I., Cobb, K. M., Collins, M., Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625, Jin, F.-F., Kug, J.-S., Lengaigne, M., Mcphaden, M. J., Takahashi, K., Timmermann, A., Vecchi, G. A., Watanabe, M. and Wu, L. (2015) ENSO and greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change, 5 (9). pp. 849-859. ISSN 1758-6798 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2743

Cai, W., Wang, G., Santoso, A., McPhaden, M. J., Wu, L., Jin, F.-F., Timmermann, A., Collins, M., Vecchi, G. A., Lengaigne, M., England, M. H., Dommenget, D., Takahashi, K. and Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625 (2015) Increased frequency of extreme La Niña events under greenhouse warming. Nature Climate Change, 5 (2). pp. 132-137. ISSN 1758-6798 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2492

Caldeira, M. C., Lecomte, X., David, T. S., Pinto, J. G., Bugalho, M. N. and Werner, C. (2015) Synergy of extreme drought and shrub invasion reduce ecosystem functioning and resilience in water-limited climates. Scientific Reports, 5. 15110. ISSN 2045-2322 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15110

Cannon, D.J., Brayshaw, D.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4362, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Coker, P.J. and Lenaghan, D. (2015) Using reanalysis data to quantify extreme wind power generation statistics: a 33 year case study in Great Britain. Renewable Energy, 75. pp. 767-778. ISSN 0960-1481 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.10.024

Capotondi, A., Wittenberg, A. T., Newman, M., Di Lorenzo, E., Yu, J.-Y., Braconnot, P., Cole, J., Dewitte, B., Giese, B., Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625, Jin, F.-F., Karnauskas, K., Kirtman, B., Lee, T., Schneider, N., Xue, Y. and Yeh, S.-W. (2015) Understanding ENSO diversity. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (6). pp. 921-938. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00117.1

Carrea, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3280-2767, Embury, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1661-7828 and Merchant, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850 (2015) Datasets related to in-land water for limnology and remote sensing applications: distance-to-land, distance-to-water, water-body identifier and lake-centre co-ordinates. Geoscience Data Journal, 2 (2). pp. 83-97. ISSN 2049-6060 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/gdj3.32

Ceppi, P. and Hartmann, D. L. (2015) Connections between clouds, radiation, and midlatitude dynamics: a review. Current Climate Change Reports, 1 (2). pp. 94-102. ISSN 2198-6061 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40641-015-0010-x

Chagnon, J. M. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) A diabatically-generated potential vorticity structure near the extratropical tropopause in three simulated extratropical cyclones. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (6). pp. 2337-2347. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00092.1

Champion, A. J., Allan, R. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447 and Lavers, D. A. (2015) Atmospheric rivers do not explain UK summer extreme rainfall. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 120 (14). pp. 6731-6741. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022863

Chapman, L., Muller, C. L., Young, D. T., Warren, E. L., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Cai, X.-M. and Ferranti, E. J. S. (2015) The Birmingham Urban Climate Laboratory: an open meteorological test bed and challenges of the smart city. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (9). pp. 1545-1560. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00193.1

Chen, W., Lee, J.-Y., Lu, R., Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911 and Ha, K.-J. (2015) Intensified impact of tropical Atlantic SST on the western North Pacific summer climate under a weakened Atlantic thermohaline circulation. Climate Dynamics, 45 (7-8). pp. 2033-2046. ISSN 1432-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2454-4

Cho, J. Y.-K., Polichtchouk, I. and Thrastarson, H. T. (2015) Sensitivity and variability redux in hot-Jupiter flow simulations. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 454 (4). pp. 3423-3431. ISSN 1365-2966 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stv1947

Cowtan, K., Hausfather, Z., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Jacobs, P., Mann, M. E., Miller, S. K., Steinman, B. A., Stolpe, M. B. and Way, R. G. (2015) Robust comparison of climate models with observations using blended land air and ocean sea surface temperatures. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (15). pp. 6526-6534. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064888

Crilley, L. R., Bloss, W. J., Yin, J., Beddows, D. C. S., Harrison, R. M., Allan, J. D., Young, D. E., Flynn, M., Williams, P., Zotter, P., Prevot, A. S. H., Heal, M. R., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449, Lee, J. D., Szidat, S. and Mohr, C. (2015) Sources and contributions of wood smoke during winter in London: assessing local and regional influences. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15. pp. 3149-3171. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3149-2015

D

Dacre, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126, Grant, A., Harvey, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-5794, Thomson, D., Webster, H. and Marenco, F. (2015) Volcanic ash layer depth: processes and mechanisms. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (2). pp. 637-645. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062454

Daleu, C. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-4902, Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514, Sessions, S., Herman, M. J., Sobel, A., Wang, S., Kim, D., Cheng, A., Bellon, G., Peyrille, P., Ferry, F., Siebesma, P. and van Ulft, L. (2015) Intercomparison of methods of coupling between convection and large-scale circulation: 1. Comparison over uniform surface conditions. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 7 (4). pp. 1576-1601. ISSN 1942-2466 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015MS000468

Daleu, C. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2075-4902, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 and Plant, R.S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2015) Transition from suppressed to active convection modulated by a weak-temperature gradient derived large-scale circulation. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 72 (2). pp. 834-853. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0041.1

Davies, W. H. and North, P. R. J. (2015) Synergistic angular and spectral estimation of aerosol properties using CHRIS/PROBA-1 and simulated Sentinel-3 data. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (4). pp. 1719-1731. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1719-2015

Davies-Barnard, T., Valdes, P. J., Singarayer, J. S., Wiltshire, A. J. and Jones, C. D. (2015) Quantifying the relative importance of land cover change from climate and land-use in the representative concentration pathways. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 29 (6). pp. 842-853. ISSN 1944-9224 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GB004949

DeMott, C. A., Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303 and Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2015) Atmosphere-ocean coupled processes in the Madden-Julian oscillation. Reviews of Geophysics, 53 (4). pp. 1099-1154. ISSN 8755-1209 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014RG000478

Dodd, E. M. A., Merchant, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850, Rayner, N. A. and Morice, C. P. (2015) An investigation into the impact of using various techniques to estimate Arctic surface air temperature anomalies. Journal of Climate, 28 (5). pp. 1743-1763. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00250.1

Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911 and Sutton, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583 (2015) Dominant role of greenhouse-gas forcing in the recovery of Sahel rainfall. Nature Climate Change, 5 (8). pp. 757-760. ISSN 1758-678X doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2664

Drew, D., Cannon, D., Brayshaw, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4362, Barlow, J. and Coker, P. (2015) The impact of future offshore wind farms on wind power generation in Great Britain. Resources, 4 (1). pp. 155-171. ISSN 2079-9276 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/resources4010155

Drushka, K., Bellenger, H., Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625, Lengaigne, M., Vialard, J. and Madec, G. (2015) Processes driving intraseasonal displacements of the eastern edge of the warm pool: the contribution of westerly wind events. Climate Dynamics, 44 (3-4). pp. 735-755. ISSN 1432-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2297-z

Dunning, C. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7311-7846, Turner, A. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876 and Brayshaw, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4362 (2015) The impact of monsoon intraseasonal variability on renewable power generation in India. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (6). 064002. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/6/064002

Döll, P., Jiménez-Cisneros, B., Oki, T., Arnell, N. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436, Benito, G., Cogley, J. G., Jiang, T., Kundzewicz, Z. W., Mwakalila, S. and Nishijima, A. (2015) Integrating risks of climate change into water management. Hydrological Sciences Journal, 60 (1). pp. 4-13. ISSN 0262-6667 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/02626667.2014.967250

de Leeuw, J., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Blackburn, M. (2015) Evaluation of ERA-Interim reanalysis precipitation products using England and Wales observations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (688). pp. 798-806. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2395

E

Eckhardt, S., Quennehen, B., Olivié, D. J. L., Berntsen, T. K., Cherian, R., Christensen, J. H., Collins, W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850, Crepinsek, S., Daskalakis, N., Flanner, M., Herber, A., Heyes, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Huang, L., Kanakidou, M., Klimont, Z., Langner, J., Law, K. S., Lund, M. T., Mahmood, R., Massling, A., Myriokefalitakis, S., Nielsen, I. E., Nøjgaard, J. K., Quaas, J., Quinn, P. K., Raut, J.-C., Rumbold, S. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8138-4541, Schulz, M., Sharma, S., Skeie, R. B., Skov, H., Uttal, T., von Salzen, K. and Stohl, A. (2015) Current model capabilities for simulating black carbon and sulfate concentrations in the Arctic atmosphere: a multi-model evaluation using a comprehensive measurement data set. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (16). pp. 9413-9433. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9413-2015

Economou, T., Stephenson, D. B., Pinto, J. G., Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Zappa, G. (2015) Serial clustering of extratropical cyclones in a multi-model ensemble of historical and future simulations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (693). pp. 3076-3087. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2591

Eden, J., van Oldenborgh, G. J., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677 and Suckling, E. B. (2015) A global empirical system for probabilistic seasonal climate prediction. Geoscientific Model Development, 8 (12). pp. 3947-3973. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3947-2015

Efthimiou, G. C., Bartzis, J. G., Berbekar, E., Hertwig, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-2675, Harms, F. and Leitl, B. (2015) Modelling short-term maximum individual exposure from airborne hazardous releases in urban environments. Part ΙI: Validation of a deterministic model with wind tunnel experimental data. Toxics, 3 (3). pp. 259-267. ISSN 2305-6304 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics3030259

F

Fairman, J. G., Schultz, D. M., Kirshbaum, D. J., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Barrett, A. I. (2015) A radar-based rainfall climatology of Great Britain and Ireland. Weather, 70 (5). pp. 153-158. ISSN 1477-8696 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.2486

Fedorov, A. V., Hu, S., Lengaigne, M. and Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625 (2015) The impact of westerly wind bursts and ocean initial state on the development, and diversity of El Niño events. Climate Dynamics, 44 (5-6). pp. 1381-1401. ISSN 1432-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2126-4

Feng, X. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-107X, Tsimplis, M. N. and Woodworth, P. L. (2015) Nodal variations and long-term changes in the main tides on the coasts of China. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120 (2). pp. 1215-1232. ISSN 2169-9291 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010312

Feng, X. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4143-107X, Tsimplis, M. N., Marcos, M., Calalfat, F. M., Zheng, J., Jorda, G. and Cipollini, P. (2015) Spatial and temporal variations of the seasonal sea level cycle in the northwest Pacific. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120 (10). pp. 7091-7112. ISSN 2169-9291 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011154

Ferraro, A. J., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220 and Highwood, E. (2015) Stratospheric dynamics and midlatitude jets under geoengineering with space mirrors and sulfate and titania aerosols. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (2). pp. 414-429. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022734

Ferreira, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-9774 and Marshall, J. (2015) Freshwater transport in the coupled ocean-atmosphere system: a passive ocean. Ocean Dynamics, 65 (7). pp. 1029-1036. ISSN 1616-7341 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10236-015-0846-6

Ferreira, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-9774, Marshall, J., Bitz, C. M., Solomon, S. and Plumb, A. (2015) Antarctic ocean and sea ice response to ozone depletion: a two timescale problem. Journal of Climate, 28 (3). pp. 1206-1226. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00313.1

Fielding, M. D., Chiu, J. C., Hogan, R. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Feingold, G., Eloranta, E., O'Connor, E. J. and Cadeddu, M. P. (2015) Joint retrievals of cloud and drizzle in marine boundary layer clouds using ground-based radar, lidar and zenith radiances. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8. pp. 2663-2683. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-2663-2015

Finnigan, J., Harman, I., Ross, A. and Belcher, S. (2015) First-order turbulence closure for modelling complex canopy flows. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (692). pp. 2907-2916. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2577

Flocco, D., Feltham, D. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-014X, Bailey, E. and Schroeder, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4306 (2015) The refreezing of melt ponds on Arctic sea ice. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 120 (2). pp. 647-659. ISSN 2169-9291 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JC010140

Folberth, G. A., Butler, T. M., Collins, W. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850 and Rumbold, S. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8138-4541 (2015) Megacities and climate change: a brief overview. Environmental Pollution, 203. pp. 235-242. ISSN 0269-7491 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.09.004

Font, A., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Kotthaus, S., Morguí, J. -A., Stockdale, C., O'Connor, E., Priestman, M. and Barratt, B. (2015) Daytime CO2 urban surface fluxes from airborne measurements, eddy-covariance observations and emissions inventory in Greater London. Environmental Pollution, 196. pp. 98-106. ISSN 0269-7491 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.001

Forget, G., Ferreira, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-9774 and Liang, X. (2015) On the observability of turbulent transport rates by Argo: supporting evidence from an inversion experiment. Ocean Science, 11 (5). pp. 839-853. ISSN 1812-0784 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-11-839-2015

Frame, T. H. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Roberts, N. M. and Titley, H. A. (2015) Predictability of frontal waves and cyclones. Weather and Forecasting, 30 (5). pp. 1291-1302. ISSN 0882-8156 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/WAF-D-15-0039.1

Franzke, C. L. E., O'Kane, T. J., Berner, J., Williams, P. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-9820 and Lucarini, V. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-1471 (2015) Stochastic climate theory and modeling. Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Climate Change, 6 (1). pp. 63-78. ISSN 1757-7799 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wcc.318

Frühauff, D., Glassmeier, K.-H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Heyner, D. (2015) Extracting planetary waves from geomagnetic time series using Empirical Mode Decomposition. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, 129. pp. 6-12. ISSN 1364-6826 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2015.04.002

G

Garcia-Pintado, J., Mason, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-6081, Dance, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-3338, Cloke, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Neal, J. C., Freer, J. and Bates, P. D. (2015) Satellite-supported flood forecasting in river networks: a real case study. Journal of Hydrology, 523. pp. 706-724. ISSN 0022-1694 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.01.084

Garland, R. M., Matooane, M., Engelbrecht, F. A., Bopape, M.-J. M., Landman, W. A., Naidoo, M., van de Merwe, J. and Wright, C. Y. (2015) Regional projections of extreme apparent temperature days in Africa and the related potential risk to human health. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12 (10). pp. 12577-12604. ISSN 1660-4601 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph121012577

Gomes, H. B., Ambrizzi, T., Herdies, D. L., Hodges, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Pontes da Silva, B. F. (2015) Easterly wave disturbances over Northeast Brazil: an observational analysis. Advances in Meteorology, 2015. pp. 1-20. ISSN 1687-9309 doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/176238

Goodliff, M., Amezcua, J. and Van Leeuwen, P. (2015) Comparing hybrid data assimilation methods on the Lorenz 1963 model with increasing nonlinearity. Tellus A, 67. ISSN 1600-0870 doi: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v67.26928

Graham, R., Ticehurst, H., Leathes, B., Wade, S., Visman, E., Bayley, S., Kane, C., Shongwe, M., Ferreira, T., Amato, R., Bain, C., Boyd, E., Dilley, M., Janes, T., Lumbroso, D., May, S., Oakley, T., Powell, R., Cornforth, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-9556, Ewbank, R., Washington, R., Hewitt, C., Jones, R. and Moufouma-Okia, W., (2015) Scoping, options analysis and design of a ‘Climate Information and Services Programme’ for Africa (CIASA): Final report. Technical Report. Department for International Development doi: https://doi.org/10.12774/eod_cr.may2015.grahamr1

Graham, R., Visman, E., Wade, S., Amato, R., Bain, C., Janes, T., Leathes, B., Lumbroso, D., Cornforth, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-9556, Boyd, E. and Parker, D., (2015) Scoping, options analysis and design of a ‘Climate Information and Services Programme’ for Africa (CIASA): literature review. Technical Report. Department for International Development doi: https://doi.org/10.12774/eod_cr.may2015.grahamr

Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Wernli, H. (2015) Dynamics and predictability of middle latitude weather systems and their higher and lower latitude interactions. In: Brunet, G., Jones, S. and Ruti, P. (eds.) Seamless prediction of the earth system: from minutes to months. WMO-No. 1156. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, pp. 77-99. ISBN 9789263111562

Grimm, R., Maier-Reimer, E., Mikolajewicz, U., Schmiedl, G., Müller-Navarra, K., Adloff, F., Grant, K. M., Ziegler, M., Lourens, L. J. and Emeis, K.-C. (2015) Late glacial initiation of Holocene eastern Mediterranean sapropel formation. Nature Communications, 6 (1). 7099. ISSN 2041-1723 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8099

Grimmond, C. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Carmicheal, G., Lean, H., Baklanov, A., Leroyer, S., Masson, V., Schluenzen, K.H. and Golding, B. (2015) Urban-scale environmental prediction systems. In: Brunet, G., Jones, S. and Ruti, P. (eds.) Seamless Prediction of the Earth-System: from minutes to months. World Meteorological Organization, Geneva, pp. 347-370. ISBN 9789263111562

Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Ward, H. C. and Kotthaus, S. (2015) How is urbanization altering local and regional climate? In: Seto, K. C., Solecki, W. D. and Griffith, C. A. (eds.) The Routledge Handbook of Urbanization and Global Environmental Change. Routledge. ISBN 9780415732260

Guo, L., Turner, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876 and Highwood, E. (2015) Impacts of 20th century aerosol emissions on the South Asian monsoon in the CMIP5 models. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (11). pp. 6367-6378. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-6367-2015

H

Hanley, K. E., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Stein, T. H. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-5397, Hogan, R. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Nicol, J. C., Lean, H. W., Halliwell, C. and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2015) Mixing length controls on high resolution simulations of convective storms. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (686). pp. 272-284. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2356

Harding, R., Arnell, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2691-4436, Reynard, N., Prudhomme, C., Blyth, E. and Taylor, C. (2015) Climate change and hydrology. In: Rodda, J. C. and Robinson, M. (eds.) Progress in Modern Hydrology: Past, Present and Future. Wiley-Blackwell, Chichester, pp. 302-323. ISBN 9781119074274

Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Nicoll, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-6325, Takahashi, Y. and Yair, Y. (2015) Focus on high energy particles and atmospheric processes. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (10). 100201. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/100201

Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Nicoll, K. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-6325 and Ambaum, M. H. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083 (2015) On the microphysical effects of observed cloud edge charging. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (692). pp. 2690-2699. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2554 (Part A)

Hart, N. C. G., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X and Clark, P. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226 (2015) Detection of coherent airstreams using cluster analysis: application to an extratropical cyclone. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (9). pp. 3518-3531. ISSN 1520-0493 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00382.1

Harvey, B. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Woollings, T. J. (2015) Deconstructing the climate change response of the Northern Hemisphere wintertime storm tracks. Climate Dynamics, 45 (9). pp. 2847-2860. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2510-8

Harvey, N.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0973-5794, Hogan, R.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157 and Dacre, H.F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126 (2015) Evaluation of boundary-layer type in a weather forecast model utilising long-term Doppler lidar observations. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1345-1353. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2444 (Part B)

Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, McNeall, D., Williams, J., Stephenson, D. and Carlson, D. (2015) Graphics: scrap rainbow colour scales. Nature, 519 (7543). p. 291. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/519291d

Hegerl, G. C., Black, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6186, Allan, R. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447, Ingram, W. J., Polson, D., Trenberth, K. E., Chadwick, R. S., Arkin, P. A., Sarojini, B. B., Becker, A., Dai, A., Durack, P. J., Easterling, D., Fowler, H. J., Kendon, E. J., Huffman, G. J., Liu, C., Marsh, R., New, M., Osborn, T. J., Skliris, N., Stott, P. A., Vidale, P.-L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-8460, Wijffels, S. E., Wilcox, L. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-1493, Willett, K. M. and Zhang, X. (2015) Challenges in quantifying changes in the global water cycle. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (7). pp. 1097-1115. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00212.1

Herbert, R., Murray, B. J., Dobbie, S. J. and Koop, T. (2015) Sensitivity of liquid clouds to homogenous freezing parameterizations. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (5). pp. 1599-1605. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062729

Hertwig, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2483-2675, Burgin, L., Gan, C., Hort, M., Jones, A., Shaw, F., Witham, C. and Zhang, K. (2015) Development and demonstration of a Lagrangian dispersion modeling system for real‐time prediction of smoke haze pollution from biomass burning in Southeast Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (24). pp. 12605-12630. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023422

Hill, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9745-2120, Morcrette, C. J. and Boutle, I. A. (2015) A regime-dependent parametrization of subgrid-scale cloud water content variability. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (691). pp. 1975-1986. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2506

Hirons, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-7576 and Klingaman, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, (2015) El Niño 2015/2016 impact analysis, monthly outlook December 2015. Report. Evidence on Demand doi: https://doi.org/10.12774/eod_cr.december2015.hironsletal1

Hirons, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-7576 and Klingaman, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, (2015) El Niño 2015/2016 impact analysis, monthly outlook November 2015. Report. Evidence on Demand doi: https://doi.org/10.12774/eod_cr.november2015.hironsletal

Hirons, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-7576 and Klingaman, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, (2015) El Niño 2015/2016: impact analysis of past El Niños. Report. Evidence on Demand doi: https://doi.org/10.12774/eod_cr.august2015.hironsletal

Hirons, L.C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1189-7576, Klingaman, N.P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303 and Woolnough, S.J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2015) MetUM-GOML: a near-globally coupled atmosphere–ocean-mixed-layer model. Geoscientific Model Development, 8. pp. 363-379. ISSN 1991-962X doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-363-2015

Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Emerton, R. (2015) The prediction of Northern Hemisphere tropical cyclone extended life cycles by the ECMWF Ensemble and Deterministic Prediction Systems. Part I: tropical cyclone stage. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (12). pp. 5091-5114. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-13-00385.1

Hodyss, D. and Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 (2015) The error of representation: basic understanding. Tellus A, 67. 24822. ISSN 1600-0870 doi: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v67.24822

Holloway, C. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9903-8989, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 and Lister, G. M. S. (2015) The effects of explicit versus parameterized convection on the MJO in a large-domain high-resolution tropical case study. Part II: Processes leading to differences in MJO development. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 72 (7). pp. 2719-2743. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0308.1

Honjo, T., Yamato, H., Mikami, T. and Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 (2015) Network optimization for enhanced resilience of urban heat island measurements. Sustainable Cities and Society, 19. pp. 319-330. ISSN 2210-6707 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2015.02.004

Howard, E., McC. Hogg, A., Waterman, S. and Marshall, D. P. (2015) The injection of zonal momentum by buoyancy forcing in a southern ocean model. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (1). pp. 259-271. ISSN 0022-3670 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0098.1

Huber, M., Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107, Ferreira, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3243-9774, Kuhlbrodt, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2328-6729 and Gregory, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-8644 (2015) A traceable physical calibration of the vertical advection-diffusion equation for modelling ocean heat uptake. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (7). pp. 2333-2341. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063383

Huntingford, C., Marsh, T., Scaife, A. A., Kendon, E. J., Hannaford, J., Kay, A. L., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Prudhomme, C., Reynard, N. S., Parry, S., Lowe, J. A., Screen, J. A., Ward, H. C., Roberts, M., Stott, P. A., Bell, V. A., Bailey, M., Jenkins, A., Legg, T., Otto, F. E. L., Massey, N., Schaller, N., Slingo, J. and Allen, M. R. (2015) Reply to 'Drivers of the 2013/14 winter floods in the UK'. Nature Climate Change, 5 (6). pp. 491-492. ISSN 1758-678X doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2613

I

Illingworth, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-8410, Barker, H. W., Beljaars, A., Ceccaldi, M., Chepfer, H., Clerbaux, N., Cole, J., Delanoë, J., Domenech, C., Donovan, D. P., Fukuda, S., Hirakata, M., Hogan, R. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Huenerbein, A., Kollias, P., Kubota, T., Nakajima, T., Nakajima, T. Y., Nishizawa, T., Ohno, Y., Okamoto, H., Oki, R., Sato, K., Satoh, M., Shephard, M. W., Velázquez-Blázquez, A., Wandinger, U., Wehr, T. and van Zadelhoff, G.-J. (2015) The EarthCARE satellite: the next step forward in global measurements of clouds, aerosols, precipitation, and radiation. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (8). pp. 1311-1332. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00227.1

Illingworth, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5774-8410, Cimini, D., Gaffard, C., Haeffelin, M., Lehmann, V., Löhnert, U., O'Connor, E. J. and Ruffieux, D. (2015) Exploiting existing ground-based remote sensing networks to improve high-resolution weather forecasts. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (12). pp. 2107-2125. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00283.1

Ineson, S., Maycock, A. C., Gray, L. J., Scaife, A. A., Dunstone, N. J., Harder, J. W., Knight, J. R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Manners, J. C. and Wood, R. A. (2015) Regional climate impacts of a possible future grand solar minimum. Nature Communications, 6. 7535. ISSN 2041-1723 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms8535

Irvine, E. A. and Shine, K. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978 (2015) Ice supersaturation and the potential for contrail formation in a changing climate. Earth System Dynamics, 6 (2). pp. 555-568. ISSN 2190-4987 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-6-555-2015

J

Jennings, R. P., Singarayer, J., Stone, E. J., Krebs-Kanzow, U., Khon, V., Nisancioglu, K. H., Pfeiffer, M., Zhang, X., Parker, A., Parton, A., Groucutt, H. S., White, T. S., Drake, N. A. and Petraglia, M. D. (2015) The greening of Arabia: multiple opportunities for human occupation of the Arabian peninsula during the Late Pleistocene inferred from an ensemble of climate model simulations. Quaternary International, 382. pp. 181-199. ISSN 1040-6182 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quaint.2015.01.006

Jiang, X., Waliser, D. E., Xavier, P. K., Petch, J., Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514, Guan, B., Bellon, G., Crueger, T., DeMott, C., Hannay, C., Lin, H., Hu, W., Kim, D., Lappen, C.-L., Lu, M.-M., Ma, H.-Y., Miyakawa, T., Ridout, J. A., Schubert, S. D., Scinocca, J., Seo, K.-H., Shindo, E., Song, X., Stan, C., Tseng, W.-L., Wang, W., Wu, T., Wu, X., Wyser, K., Zhang, G. J. and Zhu, H. (2015) Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: exploring key model physics in climate simulations. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 120 (10). pp. 4718-4748. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022375

Johnston, M. S., Holl, G., Hocking, J., Cooper, S. J. and Chen, D. (2015) Simulating the effects of mid- to upper-tropospheric clouds on microwave emissions in EC-Earth using COSP. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, 8 (11). pp. 11753-11777. ISSN 1867-8610 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-11753-2015

Jung, T., Bauer, P., Goessling, H. F., Gordon, N., Klebe, S., Bromwich, D. H., Doblas-Reyes, F., Day, J. J., Fairall, C. W., Holland, M., Iverson, T., Lemke, P., Mills, B., Nurmi, P., Perovich, D. K., Reid, P., Renfrew, I., Smith, G., Svensson, G. and Tolstykh, M. (2015) The WWRP Polar Prediction Project (PPP). In: Brunet, G., Jones, S. and Ruti, P. (eds.) Seamless prediction of the Earth system: from minutes to months. WMO, 1156. World Meteorological Organisation, Geneva, pp. 371-384. ISBN 9789263111562

K

Kalmoni, N. M. E., Rae, I. J., Watt, C. E. J., Murphy, K. R., Forsyth, C. and Owen, C. J. (2015) Statistical characterisation of the growth and spatial scales of the substorm onset arc. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120 (10). pp. 8503-8516. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015Ja021470

Kauffeldt, A., Halldin, S., Pappenberger, F., Wetterhall, F., Xu, C.-Y. and Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X (2015) Imbalanced land-surface water budgets in a numerical weather prediction system. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (11). pp. 4411-4417. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064230

King, A. D., Donat, M. G., Fischer, E. M., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Alexander, L. V., Karoly, D. J., Dittus, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-6869, Lewis, S. C. and Perkins, S. E. (2015) The timing of anthropogenic emergence in simulated climate extremes. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (9). 094015. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/9/094015

Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, Jiang, X., Xavier, P. K., Petch, J., Waliser, D. and Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2015) Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: synthesis and summary. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 120 (10). pp. 4671-4689. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023196

Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, Woolnough, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514, Jiang, X., Waliser, D., Xavier, P. K., Petch, J., Caian, M., Hannay, C., Kim, D., Ma, H.-Y., Merryfield, W. J., Miyakawa, T., Pritchard, M., Ridout, J. A., Roehrig, R., Shindo, E., Vitart, F., Wang, H., Cavanaugh, N. R., Mapes, B. E., Shelly, A. and Zhang, G. J. (2015) Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Linking hindcast fidelity to simulated diabatic heating and moistening. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 120 (10). pp. 4690-4717. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022374

Knippertz, P., Coe, H., Chiu, J. C., Evans, M. J., Fink, A. H., Kalthoff, N., Liousse, C., Mari, C., Allan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447, Brooks, B., Danour, S., Flamant, C., Jegede, O. O., Lohou, F. and Marsham, J. H. (2015) The DACCIWA project: dynamics-aerosol-chemistry-cloud interactions in West Africa. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (9). pp. 1451-1460. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00108.1

Knowland, K. E., Doherty, R. M. and Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X (2015) The effects of springtime mid-latitude storms on trace gas composition determined from the MACC reanalysis. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (6). pp. 3605-3628. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3605-2015

Knudsen, E. M., Orsolini, Y. J., Furevik, T. and Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X (2015) Observed anomalous atmospheric patterns in summers of unusual Arctic sea ice melt. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (7). pp. 2595-2611. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022608

Kuhlbrodt, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2328-6729, Gregory, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1296-8644 and Shaffrey, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X (2015) A process-based analysis of ocean heat uptake in an AOGCM with an eddy-permitting ocean component. Climate Dynamics, 45 (11). pp. 3205-3226. ISSN 1432-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2534-0

L

Layden, A., Merchant, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850 and MacCallum, S. (2015) Global climatology of surface water temperatures of large lakes by remote sensing. International Journal of Climatology, 35 (15). pp. 4464-4479. ISSN 0899-8418 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4299

Le Pichon, A., Assink, J. D., Heinrich, P., Blanc, E., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220, Lee, C. F., Keckhut, P., Hauchecorne, A., Rüfenacht, R., Kämpfer, N., Drob, D. P., Smets, P. S. M., Evers, L. G., Ceranna, L., Pilger, C., Ross, O. and Claud, C. (2015) Comparison of co-located independent ground-based middle atmospheric wind and temperature measurements with numerical weather prediction models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (16). pp. 8318-8331. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023273

Lecomte, O., Fichefet, T., Flocco, D., Schroeder, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4306 and Vancoppenolle, M. (2015) Interactions between wind-blown snow redistribution and melt ponds in a coupled ocean–sea ice model. Ocean Modelling, 87. pp. 67-80. ISSN 1463-5003 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2014.12.003

Lee, R. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-5559 (2015) Storm track biases and changes in a warming climate from an extratropical cyclone perspective using CMIP5. PhD thesis, University of Reading.

Li, D., Sun, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-6146, Liu, M., Yang, L., Wang, L. and Gao, Z. (2015) Contrasting responses of urban and rural surface energy budgets to heat waves explain synergies between urban heat islands and heat waves. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (5). 054009. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/5/054009

Lindberg, F., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 and Martilli, A. (2015) Sunlit fractions on urban facets: impact of spatial resolution and approach. Urban Climate, 12. pp. 65-84. ISSN 2212-0955 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.006

Lindén, J., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 and Esper, J. (2015) Urban warming in villages. Advances in Science and Research, 12. pp. 157-162. ISSN 1992-0636 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/asr-12-157-2015

Liu, C., Allan, R. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447, Berrisford, P., Mayer, M., Hyder, P., Loeb, N., Smith, D., Vidale, P.-L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1800-8460 and Edwards, J. M. (2015) Combining satellite observations and reanalysis energy transports to estimate global net surface energy fluxes 1985-2012. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (18). pp. 9374-9389. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023264

Liu, X., Guo, Q., Guo, Z., Yin, Z.-Y., Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911 and Smith, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7479-7778 (2015) Where were the monsoon regions and arid zones in Asia prior to the Tibetan Plateau uplift? National Science Review, 2 (4). pp. 403-416. ISSN 2053-714X doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwv068

Liu, X., Sun, H., Miao, Y., Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911 and Yin, Z.-Y. (2015) Impacts of uplift of northern Tibetan Plateau and formation of Asian inland deserts on regional climate and environment. Quaternary Science Reviews, 116. pp. 1-14. ISSN 0277-3791 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.03.010

Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2015) An arch in the UK. Astronomy and Geophysics, 56 (4). 4.25-4.30. ISSN 1366-8781 doi: https://doi.org/10.1093/astrogeo/atv132

Ludwig, P., Pinto, J. G., Hoepp, S. A., Fink, A. H. and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) Secondary cyclogenesis along an occluded front leading to damaging wind gusts: windstorm Kyrill, January 2007. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (4). pp. 1417-1437. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00304.1

López-Saldaña, G., Bistinas, I. and Pereira, J. M. C. (2015) Global analysis of radiative forcing from fire-induced shortwave albedo change. Biogeosciences, 12 (2). pp. 557-565. ISSN 1726-4170 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-12-557-2015

Löhnert, U., Schween, J. H., Acquistapace, C., Ebell, K., Maahn, M., Barrera-Verdejo, M., Hirsikko, A., Bohn, B., Knaps, A., O'Connor, E.J., Simmer, C., Wahner, A. and Crewell, S. (2015) JOYCE: Jülich Observatory for cloud evolution. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (7). pp. 1157-1174. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-14-00105.1

M

MacIntosh, C. R., Shine, K. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978 and Collins, W. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850 (2015) Radiative forcing and climate metrics for ozone precursor emissions: the impact of multi-model averaging. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15. pp. 3957-3969. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-3957-2015

Maidment, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2054-3259, Allan, R. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447 and Black, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6186 (2015) Recent observed and simulated changes in precipitation over Africa. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (19). pp. 8155-8164. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065765

Marlton, G. J., Giles Harrison, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Nicoll, K. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-6325 and Williams, P. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-9820 (2015) Note: A balloon-borne accelerometer technique for measuring atmospheric turbulence. Review of Scientific Instruments, 86 (1). 016109. ISSN 0034-6748 doi: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4905529

Masato, G., Bone, A., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220, Cavany, S., Neal, R., Dankers, R., Dacre, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4328-9126, Carmichael, K. and Murray, V. (2015) Improving the health forecasting alert system for cold weather and heat-waves in England: a proof-of-concept using temperature-mortality relationships. PLoS ONE, 10 (10). e0137804. ISSN 1932-6203 doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0137804

Mason, D. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-6081, Garcia-Pintado, J., Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X and Dance, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1690-3338 (2015) The potential of flood forecasting using a variable-resolution global Digital Terrain Model and flood extents from Synthetic Aperture Radar images. Frontiers in Earth Science, 3. 43. ISSN 2296-6463 doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/feart.2015.00043

Matthias, V., Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968, Hoffmann, P. and Rapp, M. (2015) The Hiccup: a dynamical coupling process during the autumn transition in the Northern Hemisphere – similarities and differences to sudden stratospheric warmings. Annales Geophysicae, 33 (2). pp. 199-206. ISSN 0992-7689 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-199-2015

Maycock, A. C., Ineson, S., Gray, L. J., Scaife, A. A., Anstey, J. A., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Butchart, N., Hardiman, S. C., Mitchell, D. M. and Osprey, S. M. (2015) Possible impacts of a future grand solar minimum on climate: stratospheric and global circulation changes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (18). pp. 9043-9058. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022022

McCoy, D. T., Hartmann, D. L., Zelinka, M. D., Ceppi, P. and Grosvenor, D. P. (2015) Mixed-phase cloud physics and Southern Ocean cloud feedback in climate models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (18). pp. 9539-9554. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023603

McLandress, C., Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968, Jonsson, A. I., von Clarmann, T. and Funke, B. (2015) A method for merging nadir-sounding climate records, with an application to the global-mean stratospheric temperature data sets from SSU and AMSU. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15. pp. 9271-9284. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9271-2015

McSweeney, C. F., Jones, R. G., Lee, R. W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1946-5559 and Rowell, D. P. (2015) Selecting CMIP5 GCMs for downscaling over multiple regions. Climate Dynamics, 44 (11). pp. 3237-3260. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2418-8

Melia, N., Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374 and Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677 (2015) Improved Arctic sea-ice thickness projections using bias corrected CMIP5 simulations. The Cryosphere, 9 (6). pp. 2237-2251. ISSN 1994-0424 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2237-2015

Menary, M. B., Hodson, D. L. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-6700, Robson, J. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-018X, Sutton, R. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583 and Wood, R. A. (2015) A mechanism of internal decadal atlantic ocean variability in a high-resolution coupled climate model. Journal of Climate, 28 (19). pp. 7764-7785. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0106.1

Menary, M. B., Hodson, D. L. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-6700, Robson, J. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3467-018X, Sutton, R. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583, Wood, R. A. and Hunt, J. A. (2015) Exploring the impact of CMIP5 model biases on the simulation of North Atlantic decadal variability. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (14). pp. 5926-5934. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL064360

Merchant, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4687-9850, de Leeuw, G. and Wagner, W. (2015) Selecting algorithms for Earth observation of climate within the European Space Agency Climate Change initiative: introduction to a special issue. Remote Sensing of Environment, 162. pp. 239-241. ISSN 0034-4257 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2015.02.017

Merlin, G., Riedi, J., Labonnote, L. C., Cornet, C., Davis, A. B., Dubuisson, P., Desmons, M., Ferlay, N. and Parol, F. (2015) Cloud information content analysis of multi-angular measurements in the oxygen A-band: application to 3MI and MSPI. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions, 8 (12). pp. 12709-12758. ISSN 1867-8610 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amtd-8-12709-2015

Mesquita, M. d. S., Erikstad, K. E., Sandvik, H., Barrett, R. T., Reiertsen, T. K., Anker-Nilssen, T., Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Bader, J. (2015) There is more to climate than the North Atlantic Oscillation: a new perspective from climate dynamics to explain the variability in population growth rates of a long-lived seabird. Frontiers in ecology and evolution, 3. 43. ISSN 2296-701X doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fevo.2015.00043

Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 (2015) Potential vorticity in warm conveyor belt outflow. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1065-1071. ISSN 0035-9009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2393

Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872 and Berrisford, P. (2015) The slowly evolving background state of the atmosphere. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (691). pp. 2237-2258. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2518 (Part B)

Mironova, I. A., Aplin, K. L., Arnold, F., Bazilevskaya, G. A., Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Krivolutsky, A. A., Nicoll, K. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5580-6325, Rozanov, E. V., Turunen, E. and Usoskin, I. (2015) Energetic particle influence on the Earth's atmosphere. Space Science Reviews, 194 (1-4). pp. 1-96. ISSN 0038-6308 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-015-0185-4

Mitchell, L. and Carrassi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5600 (2015) Accounting for model error due to unresolved scales within ensemble Kalman filtering. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1417-1428. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2451

Modesto Gonzalez Pereira, M. G., Sanches Fernandes, L. F., Barros Macário, E. M., Gaspar, S. M. and Pinto, J. G. (2015) Climate change impacts in the design of drainage systems: case study of Portugal. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 141 (2). 05014009. ISSN 0733-9437 doi: https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0000788

Morrison, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-0316 and Bennett, J. C. (2015) Virtual bandwidth SAR (VB-SAR) for centimetric-scale sub-surface imaging from space. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 36 (7). pp. 1789-1808. ISSN 0143-1161 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2015.1025922

Morrison, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-0316, Andre, D., Blacknell, D., Muff, D., Nottingham, M. and Bennett, J. (2015) Target detection in SAR imagery by diffraction patterning. In: Radar Conference (RadarCon), 2015 IEEE, 10-15 May 2015, Arlington, VA, USA, pp. 1033-1037. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2015.7131146

Morrison, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-0316, Solberg, S. and Bennett, J. C. (2015) C-Band tomographic profiling (TP) of a conifer forest stand. In: Radio Science Conference (URSI AT-RASC), 2015 1st URSI Atlantic, 16-24 May 2015, Las Palmas, Spain. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/URSI-AT-RASC.2015.7303079

Morrow, I. L., Morrison, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8075-0316, Finnis, M. and Whittow, W. (2015) A low profile retrodirective frequency selective surface for radar earth observation. In: Antennas & Propagation Conference (LAPC), 2015 Loughborough, 2-3 Nov. 2015, Loughborough, UK. doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/LAPC.2015.7366143

Mulder, K. J. and Schultz, D. M. (2015) Climatology, storm morphologies, and environments of tornadoes in the British Isles: 1980–2012. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (6). pp. 2224-2240. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00299.1

Mulholland, D., Laloyaux, P., Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374 and Balmaseda, M. A. (2015) Origin and impact of initialisation shocks in coupled atmosphere-ocean forecasts. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (11). pp. 4631-4644. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-15-0076.1

Mulholland, D. P., Spiga, A., Listowski, C. and Read, P. L. (2015) An assessment of the impact of local processes on dust lifting in martian climate models. Icarus, 252. pp. 212-227. ISSN 0019-1035 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2015.01.017

N

Neal, J. C., Odoni, N. A., Trigg, M. A., Freer, J. E., Garcia-Pintado, J., Mason, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6092-6081, Wood, M. and Bates, P. D. (2015) Efficient incorporation of channel cross-section geometry uncertainty into regional and global scale flood inundation models. Journal of Hydrology, 529. pp. 169-183. ISSN 0022-1694 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.07.026

Nichols, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 and Hodyss, D. (2015) Understanding the error of representation. In: Workshop on Sensitivity Analysis and Data Assimilation in Meteorology and Oceanography, 1-5 June 2015, Stonewall Resort Roanoke, West Virginia, USA.

Nichols, N. K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1133-5220 and Chu, D. (2015) Regularization of descriptor systems. In: Numerical Algebra, Matrix Theory, Differential-Algebraic Equations and Control Theory. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 415-433. ISBN 9783319152592 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-15260-8_15

Nicol, J., Hogan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Stein, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-5397, Hanley, K., Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Halliwell, C. E., Lean, H. W. and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2015) Convective updraught evaluation in high-resolution NWP simulations using single-Doppler radar measurements. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (693). pp. 3177-3189. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2602

Novak, L., Ambaum, M. H. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6824-8083 and Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107 (2015) The lifecycle of the North Atlantic storm track. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 72 (2). pp. 821-833. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0082.1

O

Onomura, S., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Lindberg, F., Holmer, B. and Thorsson, S. (2015) Meteorological forcing data for urban outdoor thermal comfort models from a coupled convective boundary layer and surface energy balance scheme. Urban Climate, 11. pp. 1-23. ISSN 2212-0955 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2014.11.001

Otto, F., Boyd, E., Jones, R., Cornforth, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-9556, James, R., Parker, H. R. and Allen, M. (2015) Attribution of extreme weather events in Africa: a preliminary exploration of the science and policy implications. Climatic Change, 132 (4). pp. 531-543. ISSN 0165-0009 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1432-0

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, McCracken, K. G., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172 and Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 (2015) The heliospheric Hale cycle over the last 300 years and its implications for a “lost” late 18th century solar cycle. Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate, 5. A30. ISSN 2115-7251 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/swsc/2015032

Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Bennett, A. J., Thomas, S. R., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X and Lam, M. M. (2015) Lightning as a space-weather hazard: UK thunderstorm activity modulated by the passage of the heliospheric current sheet. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (22). pp. 9624-9632. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066802

P

Pan, X., Chin, M., Gautam, R., Bian, H., Kim, D., Colarco, P. R., Diehl, T. L., Takemura, T., Pozzoli, L., Tsigaridis, K., Bauer, S. and Bellouin, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-9559 (2015) A multi-model evaluation of aerosols over South Asia: common problems and possible causes. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (10). pp. 5903-5928. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5903-2015

Pappenberger, F., Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Parker, D. J., Wetterhall, F., Richardson, D. S. and Thielen, J. (2015) The monetary benefit of early flood warnings in Europe. Environmental Science and Policy, 51. pp. 278-291. ISSN 1873-6416 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.016

Pappenberger, F., Ramos, M. H., Cloke, H. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X, Wetterhall, F., Alfieri, L., Bogner, K., Mueller, A. and Salamon, P. (2015) How do I know if my forecasts are better? Using benchmarks in Hydrological ensemble prediction. Journal of Hydrology, 522. pp. 697-713. ISSN 0022-1694 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.01.024

Parise, C. K., Pezzi, L. P., Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Justino, F. (2015) The influence of sea ice dynamics on the climate sensitivity and memory to increased Antarctic sea ice. Journal of Climate, 28 (24). pp. 9642-9668. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00748.1

Parker, H. R., Cornforth, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4379-9556, Boyd, E., James, R., Otto, F. E. L. and Allen, M. R. (2015) Implications of event attribution for loss and damage policy. Weather, 70 (9). pp. 268-273. ISSN 0043-1656 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/wea.2542

Parton, G. A., Donegan, S., Pascoe, S., Stephens, A., Ventouras, S. and Lawrence, B. N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9262-7860 (2015) MOLES3: implementing an ISO standards driven data catalogue. International Journal of Digital Curation, 10 (1). pp. 249-259. ISSN 1746-8256 doi: https://doi.org/10.2218/ijdc.v10i1.365

Pascale, S., Lucarini, V. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9392-1471, Feng, X., Porporato, A. and Hasson, S. u. (2015) Analysis of rainfall seasonality from observations and climate models. Climate Dynamics, 44 (11). pp. 3281-3301. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2278-2

Pearson, B. C., Grant, A. L. M., Polton, J. A. and Belcher, S. E. (2015) Langmuir turbulence and surface heating in the ocean surface boundary layer. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (12). pp. 2897-2911. ISSN 1520-0485 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-15-0018.1

Peatman, S., Matthews, A. J. and Stevens, D. P. (2015) Propagation of the Madden–Julian Oscillation and scale interaction with the diurnal cycle in a high-resolution GCM. Climate Dynamics, 45 (9-10). pp. 2901-2918. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-015-2513-5

Petrie, R. E., Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Sutton, R. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583 (2015) Atmospheric impact of Arctic Sea ice loss in a coupled ocean–atmosphere simulation. Journal of Climate, 28 (24). pp. 9606-9622. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0316.1

Petrie, R. E., Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Sutton, R. T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583 (2015) Atmospheric response in summer linked to recent Arctic sea ice loss. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (691). pp. 2070-2076. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2502 (Part B)

Pithan, F., Angevine, W. and Mauritsen, T. (2015) Improving a global model from the boundary layer: total turbulent energy and the neutral limit Prandtl number. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 7 (2). pp. 791-805. ISSN 1942-2466 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014MS000382

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379 (2015) Spectral and bulk mass-flux representations. In: Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (eds.) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 1. Theoretical background and formulation. Series on the science of climate change. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 249-272. ISBN 9781783266906

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (2015) Conclusions. In: Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (eds.) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 2. Current issues and new theories. Series on the science of climate change. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 527-538. ISBN 9781783266906

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I., eds. (2015) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 2: current issues and new theories. Series on the Science of Climate Change, 1. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp617. ISBN 9781783266906

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I., eds. (2015) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol. 1: theoretical background and formulation. Series on the science of climate change, 1. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp515. ISBN 9781783266906

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (2015) Quasi-equilibrium. In: Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (eds.) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 1. Theoretical background and formulation. Series on the science of climate change. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 101-146. ISBN 9781783266906

Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Bengtsson, L. and Whitall, M. (2015) Stochastic aspects of convective parameterization. In: Plant, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (eds.) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 2. Current issues and new theories. Series on the Science of Climate Change. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 135-172. ISBN 9781783266906

Prakash, S., Mitra, A. K., Momin, I. M., Rajagopal, E. N., Basu, S., Collins, M., Turner, A. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876, Achuto Rao, K. and Ashok, K. (2015) Seasonal intercomparison of observational rainfall datasets over India during the southwest monsoon season. International Journal of Climatology, 35 (9). pp. 2326-2338. ISSN 0899-8418 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.4129

R

Raanes, P. N., Carrassi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5600 and Bertino, L. (2015) Extending the square root method to account for additive forecast noise in ensemble methods. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (10). pp. 3857-3873. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00375.1

Radel, G., Shine, K. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978 and Ptashnik, I. V. (2015) Global radiative and climate effect of the water vapour continuum at visible and near-infrared wavelengths. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (688). pp. 727-738. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2385

Raghavan, M., Steinrucken, M., Harris, K., Schiffels, S., Rasmussen, S., DeGiorgio, M., Albrechtsen, A., Valdiosera, C., Avila-Arcos, M. C., Malaspinas, A.-S., Eriksson, A., Moltke, I., Metspalu, M., Homburger, J. R., Wall, J., Cornejo, O. E., Moreno-Mayar, J. V., Korneliussen, T. S., Pierre, T., Rasmussen, M., Campos, P. F., Damgaard, P. d. B., Allentoft, M. E., Lindo, J., Metspalu, E., Rodriguez-Varela, R., Mansilla, J., Henrickson, C., Seguin-Orlando, A., Malmstrom, H., Stafford, T., Shringarpure, S. S., Moreno-Estrada, A., Karmin, M., Tambets, K., Bergstrom, A., Xue, Y., Warmuth, V., Friend, A. D., Singarayer, J., Valdes, P., Balloux, F., Leboreiro, I., Vera, J. L., Rangel-Villalobos, H., Pettener, D., Luiselli, D., Davis, L. G., Heyer, E., Zollikofer, C. P. E., Ponce de Leon, M. S., Smith, C. I., Grimes, V., Pike, K.-A., Deal, M., Fuller, B. T., Arriaza, B., Standen, V., Luz, M. F., Ricaut, F., Guidon, N., Osipova, L., Voevoda, M. I., Posukh, O. L., Balanovsky, O., Lavryashina, M., Bogunov, Y., Khusnutdinova, E., Gubina, M., Balanovska, E., Fedorova, S., Litvinov, S., Malyarchuk, B., Derenko, M., Mosher, M. J., Archer, D., Cybulski, J., Petzelt, B., Mitchell, J., Worl, R., Norman, P. J., Parham, P., Kemp, B. M., Kivisild, T., Tyler-Smith, C., Sandhu, M. S., Crawford, M., Villems, R., Smith, D. G., Waters, M. R., Goebel, T., Johnson, J. R., Malhi, R. S., Jakobsson, M., Meltzer, D. J., Manica, A., Durbin, R., Bustamante, C. D., Song, Y. S., Nielsen, R. and Willerslev, E. (2015) Genomic evidence for the Pleistocene and recent population history of Native Americans. Science, 349 (6250). aab3884. ISSN 0036-8075 doi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab3884

Ramamurthy, P., Sun, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-6146, Rule, K. and Bou-Zeid, E. (2015) The joint influence of albedo and insulation on roof performance: a modeling study. Energy and Buildings, 102. pp. 317-327. ISSN 0378-7788 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.06.005

Ramamurthy, P., Sun, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-6146, Rule, K. and Bou-Zeid, E. (2015) The joint influence of albedo and insulation on roof performance: an observational study. Energy and Buildings, 93. pp. 249-258. ISSN 0378-7788 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.02.040

Ray, S., Swingedouw, D., Mignot, J. and Guilyardi, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2255-8625 (2015) Effect of surface restoring on subsurface variability in a climate model during 1949-2005. Climate Dynamics, 44 (9-10). pp. 2333-2349. ISSN 1432-0894 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2358-3

Rayner, N., Merchant, C. J. and Corlett, G. (2015) Communicating uncertainties in sea surface temperature. EOS, 96. ISSN 2324-9250 doi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2015EO030289

Read, E. K., Patil, V. P., Oliver, S. K., Hetherington, A. L., Brentrup, J. A., Zwatr, J. A., Winters, K. M., Corman, J. R., Nodine, E. R., Woolway, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968, Dugan, H. A., Jaimes, A., Santoso, A. B., Hong, G. S., Winslow, L. A., Hanson, P. C. and Weathers, K. C. (2015) The importance of lake-specific characteristics for water quality across the continental United States. Ecological Applications, 25 (4). pp. 943-955. ISSN 0051-0761 doi: https://doi.org/10.1890/14-0935.1

Redmond, G., Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X, Mcsweeney, C., Jones, R. and Hein, D. (2015) Projected changes in tropical cyclones over Vietnam and the South China Sea using a 25 km regional climate model perturbed physics ensemble. Climate Dynamics, 45 (7-8). pp. 1983-2000. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2450-8

Reyers, M., Pinto, J. G. and Moemken, J. (2015) Statistical-dynamical downscaling for wind energy potentials: evaluation and applications to decadal hindcasts and climate change projections. International Journal of Climatology, 35 (2). pp. 229-244. ISSN 0899-8418 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/joc.3975

Rhodes, R. I., Shaffrey, L. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X and Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X (2015) Can reanalyses represent extreme precipitation over England and Wales? Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 1114-1120. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2418

Roberts, J., Plummer, C., Vance, T., van Ommen, T., Moy, A., Poynter, S., Treverrow, A., Curran, M. and George, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0396-0299 (2015) A 2000-year annual record of snow accumulation rates for Law Dome, East Antarctica. Climate of the Past, 11 (5). pp. 697-707. ISSN 1814-9324 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-11-697-2015

Ruffenach, A., Lavraud, B., Farrugia, C. J., Démoulin, P., Dasso, S., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Sauvaud, J.-A., Rouillard, A. P., Lynnyk, A., Foullon, C., Savani, N. P., Luhmann, J. G. and Galvin, A. B. (2015) Statistical study of magnetic cloud erosion by magnetic reconnection. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (1). pp. 43-60. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JA020628

Ryder, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-6113, McQuaid, J., Flamant, C., Rosenberg, P., Washington, R., Brindley, H., Highwood, E., Marsham, J., Parker, D., Todd, M., Banks, J., Brooke, J., Engelstaedter, S., Estelles, V., Formenti, P., Garcia-Carreras, L., Kocha, C., Marenco, F., Sodemann, H., Allen, C., Bourdon, A., Bart, M., Cavazos-Guerra, C., Chevaillier, S., Crosier, J., Darbyshire, E., Dean, A., Dorsey, J., Kent, J., O'Sullivan, D., Schepanski, K., Szpek, K., Trembath, J. and Woolley, A. (2015) Advances in understanding mineral dust and boundary layer processes over the Sahara from Fennec aircraft observations. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (14). pp. 8479-8520. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-8479-2015

S

Saenz, J. A., Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107, Butler, E. D., Hughes, G. O. and Oliver, K. I. C. (2015) Estimating Lorenz's reference state in an ocean with a nonlinear equation of state for seawater. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (5). pp. 1242-1257. ISSN 0022-3670 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0105.1

Santos, J. A., Pfahl, S., Pinto, J. G. and Wernli, H. (2015) Mechanisms underlying temperature extremes in Iberia: a Lagrangian perspective. Tellus A, 67. 26032. ISSN 1600-0870 doi: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v67.26032

Santos, J. A., Rochinha, C., Liberato, M. L. R., Reyers, M. and Pinto, J. G. (2015) Projected changes in wind energy potentials over Iberia. Renewable Energy, 75. pp. 68-80. ISSN 0960-1481 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2014.09.026

Schwartz, M. J., Manney, G. L., Hegglin, M. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2820-9044, Livesey, N. J., Santee, M. L. and Daffer, W. H. (2015) Climatology and variability of trace gases in extratropical double-tropopause regions from MLS, HIRDLS, and ACE-FTS measurements. Journal of Geophysical Research, 120 (2). pp. 843-867. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD021964

Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 and Stamper, R. (2015) Global variation in the long-term seasonal changes observed in ionospheric F-region data. Annales Geophysicae, 33 (4). pp. 449-455. ISSN 0992-7689 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-33-449-2015

Sein, D. V., Mikolajewicz, U., Gröger, M., Fast, I., Cabos, W., Pinto, J. G., Hagemann, S., Semmler, T., Izquierdo, A. and Jacob, D. (2015) Regionally coupled atmosphere-ocean-sea ice-marine biogeochemistry model ROM: 1. Description and validation. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 7 (1). pp. 268-304. ISSN 1942-2466 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014MS000357

Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2015) The dynamics of temperature extremes. Nature, 522 (7557). pp. 425-427. ISSN 0028-0836 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/522425a

Shine, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978 (2015) Radiative forcing and climate change. In: Blockley, R. and Shyy, W. (eds.) Encyclopedia of Aerospace Engineering. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., pp. 1-11. ISBN 9780470686652 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/9780470686652.eae526.pub2

Shine, K. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978, Allan, R. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447, Collins, W. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850 and Fuglestvedt, J. S. (2015) Metrics for linking emissions of gases and aerosols to global precipitation changes. Earth System Dynamics, 6 (2). pp. 525-540. ISSN 2190-4987 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/esd-6-525-2015

Siegert, S., Bröcker, J. and Kantz, H. (2015) Skill of data-based predictions versus dynamical models. In: Chavez, M., Ghil, M. and Urrutia-Fucugauchi, J. (eds.) Extreme Events — Observations, Modeling, and Economics. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, pp. 35-50. ISBN 9781119157014

Singarayer, J. S. and Burrough, S. L. (2015) Interhemispheric dynamics of the African rainbelt during the late Quaternary. Quaternary Science Reviews, 124. pp. 48-67. ISSN 0277-3791 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.06.021

Sippel, S., Mitchell, D., Black, M. T., Dittus, A. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9598-6869, Harrington, L., Schaller, N. and Otto, F. E. L. (2015) Combining large model ensembles with extreme value statistics to improve attribution statements of rare events. Weather and Climate Extremes, 9. pp. 25-35. ISSN 22120947 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wace.2015.06.004

Smith, D. M., Allan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0264-9447, Coward, A. C., Eade, R., Hyder, P., Liu, C., Loeb, N. G., Palmer, M. D., Roberts, C. D. and Scaife, A. A. (2015) Earth's energy imbalance since 1960 in observations and CMIP5 models. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (4). pp. 1205-1213. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062669

Smith, L. A., Suckling, E. B., Thompson, E. L., Maynard, T. and Du, H. (2015) Towards improving the framework for probabilistic forecast evaluation. Climatic Change, 132 (1). pp. 31-45. ISSN 1573-1480 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-015-1430-2

Smith, P. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4570-4127, Fowler, A. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3650-3948 and Lawless, A. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3016-6568 (2015) Exploring strategies for coupled 4D-Var data assimilation using an idealised atmosphere-ocean model. Tellus A, 67. 27025. ISSN 1600-0870 doi: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v67.27025

Sodemann, H., Lai, T. M., Marenco, F., Ryder, C. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9892-6113, Flamant, C., Knippertz, P., Rosenberg, P., Bart, M. and McQuaid, J. B. (2015) Lagrangian dust model simulations for a case of moist convective dust emission and transport in the western Sahara region during Fennec/LADUNEX. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 120 (12). pp. 6117-6144. ISSN 2169-8996 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JD023283

Stein, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-5397, Hogan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Clark, P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1001-9226, Halliwell, C., Hanley, K., Lean, H., Nicol, J. and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2015) The DYMECS project: a statistical approach for the evaluation of convective storms in high-resolution NWP models. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (6). pp. 939-951. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00279.1

Stein, T. H. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-5397, Parker, D. J., Hogan, R. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Birch, C., Holloway, C. E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9903-8989, Lister, G., Marsham, J. H. and Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514 (2015) The representation of the West-African Monsoon vertical cloud structure in the Met Office Unified Model: an evaluation with CloudSat. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2614

Stein, T. H. M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9215-5397, Westbrook, C. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2889-8815 and Nicol, J. (2015) Fractal geometry of aggregate snowflakes revealed by triple wavelength radar measurements. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (1). pp. 176-183. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014GL062170

Stephens, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5439-7563, Day, J. J., Pappenberger, F. and Cloke, H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1472-868X (2015) Precipitation and floodiness. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (23). pp. 10316-10323. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL066779

Stephens, G. L. and L'Ecuyer, T. (2015) The Earth's energy balance. Atmospheric Research, 166. pp. 195-203. ISSN 0169-8059 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosres.2015.06.024

Stephens, G. L., O'Brien, D., Webster, P. J., Pilewski, P., Kato, S. and Li, J.-l. (2015) The albedo of Earth. Reviews of Geophysics, 53 (1). pp. 141-163. ISSN 8755-1209 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014RG000449

Stohl, A., Aamaas, B., Amann, M., Baker, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Bellouin, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-9559, Berntsen, T. K., Boucher, O., Cherian, R., Collins, W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7419-0850, Daskalakis, N., Dusinska, M., Eckhardt, S., Fuglestvedt, J. S., Harju, M., Heyes, C., Hodnebrog, Ø., Hao, J., Im, U., Kanakidou, M., Klimont, Z., Kupiainen, K., Law, K. S., Lund, M. T., Maas, R., MacIntosh, C., Myhre, G., Myriokefalitakis, S., Olivié, D., Quaas, J., Quennehen, B., Raut, J.-C., Rumbold, S. T., Samset, B. H., Schulz, M., Seland, Ø., Shine, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2672-9978, Skeie, R. B., Wang, S., Yttri, K. E. and Zhu, T. (2015) Evaluating the climate and air quality impacts of short-lived pollutants. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (18). pp. 10529-10566. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-10529-2015

Stoy, P. C. and Quaife, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6896-4613 (2015) Probabilistic downscaling of remote sensing data with applications for multi-scale biogeochemical flux modeling. PLoS ONE, 10 (6). e0128935. ISSN 1932-6203 doi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128935

Studholme, J., Hodges, K. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0894-229X and Brierley, C. M. (2015) Objective determination of the extratropical transition of tropical cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere. Tellus Series A: Dynamic Meteorology and Oceanography, 67. 24474. ISSN 0280-6495 doi: https://doi.org/10.3402/tellusa.v67.24474

Sutton, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583, Suckling, E. and Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677 (2015) What does global mean temperature tell us about local climate? Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 373. 20140426. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0426

Swart, N. C., Fyfe, J. C., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Kay, J. E. and Jahn, A. (2015) Influence of internal variability on Arctic sea-ice trends. Nature Climate Change, 5 (2). pp. 86-89. ISSN 1758-678X doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2483

T

Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107 (2015) Observational and energetics constraints on the non-conservation of potential/Conservative Temperature and implications for ocean modelling. Ocean Modelling, 88. pp. 26-37. ISSN 1463-5003 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2015.02.001

Tailleux, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8998-9107 (2015) On the validity of single-parcel energetics to assess the importance of internal energy and compressibility effects in stratified fluids. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 767. R2. ISSN 0022-1120 doi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2015.77

Tallis, M. J., Amorim, J. H., Calfapietra, C., Freer-Smith, P. H., Grimmond, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Kotthaus, S., Lemes de Oliveira, F., Miranda, A. I. and Toscano, P. (2015) The impacts of green infrastructure on air quality and temperature. In: Sinnett, D., Smith, N. and Burgess, S. (eds.) Handbook on Green Infrastructure: Planning, Design and Implementation. Edward Elgar Publishing, Cheltenham, pp. 30-49. ISBN 9781783473991

Tan, J., Yang, L., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Shi, J., Gu, W., Chang, Y., Hu, P., Sun, J., Ao, X. and Han, Z. (2015) Urban integrated meteorological observations: practice and experience in Shanghai, China. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (1). pp. 85-102. ISSN 0003-0007 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00216.1

Taylor, M., Kazadzis, S., Amiridis, V. and Kahn, R.A. (2015) Global aerosol mixtures and their multiyear and seasonal characteristics. Atmospheric Environment, 116. pp. 112-129. ISSN 13522310 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.06.029

Teixeira, M. A. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-3233, Arscott, S., Cox, S. J. and Teixeira, P. I. C. (2015) What is the shape of an air bubble on a liquid surface? Langmuir, 31 (51). pp. 13708-13717. ISSN 0743-7463 doi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b03970

Thomas, S. R., Owens, M. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612 and Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649 (2015) Near-earth cosmic ray decreases associated with remote coronal mass ejections. The Astrophysical Journal, 801 (1). 5. ISSN 1538-4357 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/801/1/5

Tonttila, J., O'Connor, E. J., Hellsten, A., Hirsikko, A., O'Dowd, C., Järvinen, H. and Räisänen, P. (2015) Turbulent structure and scaling of the inertial subrange in a stratocumulus-topped boundary layer observed by a Doppler lidar. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15. pp. 5873-5885. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5873-2015

Toté, C., Patricio, D., Boogaard, H., van der Wijngaart, R., Tarnavsky, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3403-0411 and Funk, C. (2015) Evaluation of satellite rainfall estimates for drought and flood monitoring in Mozambique. Remote Sensing, 7. pp. 1758-1776. ISSN 2072-4292 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/rs70201758

Trenberth, K. E., Fasullo, J. T. and Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2015) Attribution of climate extreme events. Nature Climate Change, 5 (8). pp. 725-730. ISSN 1758-678X doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2657

Tripathi, O. P., Baldwin, M., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220, Charron, M., Eckermann, S. D., Gerber, E., Harrison, R. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0693-347X, Jackson, D. R., Kim, B.-M., Kuroda, Y., Lang, A., Mahmood, S., Mizuta, R., Roff, G., Sigmond, M. and Son, S.-W. (2015) Review: the predictability of the extra-tropical stratosphere on monthly timescales and its impact on the skill of tropospheric forecasts. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (689). pp. 987-1003. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2432 (Part B)

Tripathi, O. P., Charlton-Perez, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8179-6220, Sigmond, M. and Vitart, F. (2015) Enhanced long-range forecast skill in boreal winter following stratospheric strong vortex conditions. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (10). 104007. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104007

Tsamados, M., Feltham, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-014X, Petty, A., Schroeder, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2351-4306 and Flocco, D. (2015) Processes controlling surface, bottom and lateral melt of Arctic sea ice in a state of the art sea ice model. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 373 (2052). 20140167. ISSN 1364-503X doi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2014.0167

Tucker-Hood, K., Scott, C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Jackson, D., Barnard, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9876-4612, Davies, J. A., Crothers, S., Lintott, C., Simpson, R., Savani, N. P., Wilkinson, J., Harder, B., Eriksson, G. M., Baeten, E. M. L. and Wan Wah, L. L. (2015) Validation of a priori CME arrival predictions made using real-time heliospheric imager observations. Space Weather, 13 (1). pp. 35-48. ISSN 1542-7390 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014SW001106

Turnock, S. T., Spracklen, D. V., Carslaw, K. S., Mann, G. W., Woodhouse, M. T., Forster, P. M., Haywood, J., Johnson, C. E., Dalvi, M., Bellouin, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2109-9559 and Sanchez-Lorenzo, A. (2015) Modelled and observed changes in aerosols and surface solar radiation over Europe between 1960 and 2009. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (16). pp. 9477-9500. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-9477-2015

U

Usoskin, I. G., Arlt, R., Asvestari, E., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Käpylä, M., Kovaltsov, G. A., Krivova, N., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Mursula, K., O'Reilly, J., Owens, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2061-2453, Scott, C. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6411-5649, Sokoloff, D. D., Solanki, S. K., Soon, W. and Vaquero, J. M. (2015) The Maunder minimum (1645-1715) was indeed a grand minimum: a reassessment of multiple datasets. Astronomy & Astrophysics, 581. A95. ISSN 0004-6361 doi: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526652

V

Vakkari, V., O'Connor, E. J., Nisantzi, A., Mamouri, R. E. and Hadjimitsis, D. G. (2015) Low-level mixing height detection in coastal locations with a scanning Doppler lidar. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (4). pp. 1875-1885. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1875-2015

Van Leeuwen, P. (2015) Aspects of particle filtering in high-dimensional spaces. In: Ravela, S. and Sandu, A. (eds.) Dynamic data-driven environmental systems science. Lecture notes in computer science, 8964. Springer, Heidelberg, pp. 251-262. ISBN 9783319251370 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-25138-7

Van Leeuwen, P. J. (2015) Representation errors and retrievals in linear and nonlinear data assimilation. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (690). pp. 1612-1623. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2464 (Part A)

Van Leeuwen, P. J., Cheng, Y. and Reich, S. (2015) Nonlinear data assimilation. Frontiers in Applied Dynamical Systems: Reviews and Tutorials, 2. Springer. ISBN 9783319183466

Vaughan, G., Methven, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7636-6872, Anderson, D., Antonescu, B., Baker, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0738-9488, Baker, T. P., Ballard, S. P., Bower, K. N., Brown, P. R. A., Chagnon, J., Choularton, T. W., Chylik, J., Connolly, P. J., Cook, P. A., Cotton, R. J., Crosier, J., Dearden, C., Dorsey, J. R., Frame, T. H. A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6542-2173, Gallagher, M. W., Goodliff, M., Gray, S. L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8658-362X, Harvey, B. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6510-8181, Knippertz, P., Lean, H. W., Li, D., Lloyd, G., Martinez-Alvarado, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5285-0379, Nicol, J., Norris, J., Öström, E., Owen, J., Parker, D. J., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Renfrew, I. A., Roberts, N. M., Rosenberg, P., Rudd, A. C., Schultz, D. M., Taylor, J. P., Trzeciak, T., Tubbs, R., Vance, A. K., Van Leeuwen, P. J., Wellpott, A. and Woolley, A. (2015) Cloud banding and winds in intense European cyclones: results from the DIAMET project. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (2). pp. 249-265. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00238.1

Visser, S., Slowik, J. G., Furger, M., Zotter, P., Bukowiecki, N., Canonaco, F., Flechsig, U., Appel, K., Green, D. C., Tremper, A. H., Young, D. E., Williams, P. I., Allan, J. D., Coe, H., Williams, L. R., Mohr, C., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Nemitz, E., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449, Fleming, Z. L., Baltensperger, U. and Prévôt, A. S. H. (2015) Advanced source apportionment of size-resolved trace elements at multiple sites in London during winter. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (19). pp. 11291-11309. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-11291-2015

Visser, S., Slowik, J. G., Furger, M., Zotter, P., Bukowiecki, N., Dressler, R., Flechsig, U., Appel, K., Green, D. C., Tremper, A. H., Young, D. E., Williams, P. I., Allan, J. D., Herndon, S. C., Williams, L. R., Mohr, C., Xu, L., Ng, N. L., Detournay, A., Barlow, J. F., Halios, C. H. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8301-8449, Fleming, Z. L., Baltensperger, U. and Prévôt, A. S. H. (2015) Kerb and urban increment of highly time-resolved trace elements in PM10, PM2.5 and PM1.0 winter aerosol in London during ClearfLo 2012. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 15 (5). pp. 2367-2386. ISSN 1680-7316 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-2367-2015

van Dinther, D., Wood, C. R., Hartogensis, O. K., Nordbo, A. and O'Connor, E. J. (2015) Observing crosswind over urban terrain using scintillometer and Doppler lidar. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (4). pp. 1901-1911. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1901-2015

von Larcher, T. and Williams, P. D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-9820, eds. (2015) Modeling atmospheric and oceanic flows: insights from laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. John Wiley & Sons, Hoboken, pp368. ISBN 9781118855935

W

Wang, C.-W., Huang, C.-T., Hsieh, M.-C., Li, C. H., Chang, S.-W., Li, W.-C., Vandaele, R., Marée, R., Jodogne, S., Geurts, P., Chen, C., Zheng, G., Chu, C., Mirzaalian, H., Hamarneh, G., Vrtovec, T. and Ibragimov, B. (2015) Evaluation and comparison of anatomical landmark detection methods for cephalometric X-Ray images: a grand challenge. IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, 34 (9). pp. 1890-1900. ISSN 1558-254X doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/TMI.2015.2412951

Wang, L., Gao, Z., Miao, S., Guo, X., Sun, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-6146, Liu, M. and Li, D. (2015) Contrasting characteristics of the surface energy balance between the urban and rural areas of Beijing. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 32 (4). pp. 505-514. ISSN 0256-1530 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00376-014-3222-4

Ward, H. C., Evans, J. G., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 and Bradford, J. (2015) Infrared and millimetre-wave scintillometry in the suburban environment – Part 1: Structure parameters. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (3). pp. 1385-1405. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1385-2015

Ward, H. C., Kotthaus, S., Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415, Bjorkegren, A., Wilkinson, M., Morrison, W. T. J., Evans, J. G., Morison, J. I. L. and Iamarino, M. (2015) Effects of urban density on carbon dioxide exchanges: observations of dense urban, suburban and woodland areas of southern England. Environmental Pollution, 198. pp. 186-200. ISSN 0269-7491 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.12.031

Ward, H. G., Evans, J. G. and Grimmond, C. S. B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-9415 (2015) Infrared and millimetre-wave scintillometry in the suburban environment – Part 2: Large-area sensible and latent heat fluxes. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 8 (3). pp. 1407-1424. ISSN 1867-8548 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-8-1407-2015

Weber, R. J. T., Carrassi, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0722-5600 and Doblas-Reyes, F. J. (2015) Linking the anomaly initialization approach to the mapping paradigm: a proof-of-concept study. Monthly Weather Review, 143 (11). pp. 4695-4713. ISSN 0027-0644 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/MWR-D-14-00398.1

Wedd, R., Stringer, M. and Haines, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2768-2374 (2015) Argo real-time quality control intercomparison. Journal of Operational Oceanography, 8 (2). pp. 108-122. ISSN 1755-8778 doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/1755876X.2015.1087186

Wilchinsky, A. V., Heorton, H. D. B. S., Feltham, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2289-014X and Holland, P. R. (2015) Study of the impact of ice formation in leads upon the sea ice pack mass balance using a new frazil and grease ice parameterization. Journal of Physical Oceanography, 45 (8). pp. 2025-2047. ISSN 0022-3670 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JPO-D-14-0184.1

Wilcox, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-1493, Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911, Sutton, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-8583 and Highwood, E. (2015) The 2014 hot, dry summer in Northeast Asia. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (12). S105-S110. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-15-00123.1

Wilcox, L. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5691-1493, Highwood, E. J., Booth, B. B. B. and Carslaw, K. S. (2015) Quantifying sources of inter-model diversity in the cloud albedo effect. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (5). pp. 1568-1575. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL063301

Williams, K. D., Harris, C. M., Bodas-Salcedo, A., Camp, J., Comer, R. E., Copsey, D., Fereday, D., Graham, T., Hill, R., Hinton, T., Hyder, P., Ineson, S., Masato, G., Milton, S. F., Roberts, M. J., Rowell, D. P., Sanchez, C., Shelly, A., Sinha, B., Walters, D. N., West, A., Woollings, T. and Xavier, P. K. (2015) The Met Office Global Coupled model 2.0 (GC2) configuration. Geoscientific Model Development, 8 (5). pp. 1509-1524. ISSN 1991-9603 doi: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-1509-2015

Williams, P. D. and Kelsall, C. W. (2015) The dynamics of Baroclinic Zonal jets. Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 72 (3). pp. 1137-1151. ISSN 1520-0469 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JAS-D-14-0027.1

Wood, R., Wyant, M., Bretherton, C. S., Remilliard, J., Kollais, P., Fletcher, J., Stemmler, J., De Szoeke, S., Yuter, S., Miller, M., Mechem, D., Tselioudis, G., Chiu, J. C., Mann, J. A. L., O'Connor, E., Hogan, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3180-5157, Dong, X., Miller, M., Ghate, V., Jefferson, A., Min, Q., Minnis, P., Palikonda, R., Albrecht, B., Luke, E., Hannay, C. and Lin, Y. (2015) Clouds, aerosols, and precipitation in the marine boundary layer: an ARM Mobile Facility Deployment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 96 (3). pp. 419-440. ISSN 1520-0477 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-13-00180.1

Woollings, T., Franzke, C., Hodson, D. L. R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-6700, Dong, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-7911, Barnes, E. A., Raible, C. C. and Pinto, J. G. (2015) Contrasting interannual and multidecadal NAO variability. Climate Dynamics, 45 (1-2). pp. 539-556. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2237-y

Woolway, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968, Jones, I. D., Hamilton, D. P., Maberly, S. C., Muraoka, K., Read, J. S., Smyth, R. L. and Winslow, L. A. (2015) Automated calculation of surface energy fluxes with high-frequency lake buoy data. Environmental Modelling & Software, 70. pp. 191-198. ISSN 1364-8152 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.04.013

Woolway, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968, Jones, I., Feuchtmayr, H. and Maberly, S. (2015) A comparison of the diel variability in epilimnetic temperature for five lakes in the English Lake District. Inland Waters, 5 (2). pp. 139-154. ISSN 2044-205X doi: https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-5.2.748

Woolway, R. I. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0498-7968, Livingstone, D. M. and Kernan, M. (2015) Altitudinal dependence of a statistically significant diel temperature cycle in Scottish lochs. Inland Waters, 5 (4). pp. 311-316. ISSN 2044-205X doi: https://doi.org/10.5268/IW-5.4.854

X

Xavier, P. K., Petch, J. C., Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303, Woolnough, S. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0500-8514, Jiang, X., Waliser, D. E., Caian, M., Cole, J., Hagos, S. M., Hannay, C., Kim, D., Miyakawa, T., Pritchard, M. S., Roehrig, R., Shindo, E., Vitart, F. and Wang, H. (2015) Vertical structure and physical processes of the Madden-Julian oscillation: Biases and uncertainties at short range. Journal of Geophysical Research - Atmospheres, 120 (10). pp. 4749-4763. ISSN 0148-0227 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2014JD022718

Xie, S.-P., Deser, C., Vecchi, G. A., Collins, M., Delworth, T. L., Hall, A., Hawkins, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9477-3677, Johnson, N. C., Cassou, C., Giannini, A. and Watanabe, M. (2015) Towards predictive understanding of regional climate change. Nature Climate Change, 5 (10). pp. 921-930. ISSN 1758-6798 doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2689

Y

Yamashita, Y., Akiyoshi, H., Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 and Takahashi, M. (2015) The combined influences of westerly phase of the quasi biennial oscillation and 11-year solar maximum conditions on the Northern Hemisphere extratropical winter circulation. Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan, 93 (6). pp. 629-644. ISSN 0026-1165 doi: https://doi.org/10.2151/jmsj.2015-054

Yang, W.-Y., Li, D., Sun, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2486-6146 and Ni, G.-H. (2015) Saturation-excess and infiltration-excess runoff on green roofs. Ecological Engineering, 74. pp. 327-336. ISSN 0925-8574 doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.023

Yano, J.-I. and Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 (2015) Closure. In: Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022 and Yano, J.-I. (eds.) Parameterization of atmospheric convection. Vol 1. Theoretical background and formulation. Series on the science of climate change. World Scientific, Imperial College Press, London, pp. 325-402. ISBN 9781783266906

Yano, J.-I., Geleyn, J.-F., Koller, M., Mironov, D., Quass, J., Soares, P. M. M., Phillips, V. J. T. P., Plant, R. S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8808-0022, Deluca, A., Marquet, P., Stulic, L. and Fuchs, Z. (2015) Basic concepts for convection parameterization in weather forecast and climate models: COST Action ES0905 final report. Atmosphere, 6 (1). pp. 88-147. ISSN 2073-4433 doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/atmos6010088

Yu, C. L. and Teixeira, M. A. C. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1205-3233 (2015) Impact of non-hydrostatic effects and trapped lee waves on mountain wave drag in directionally sheared flow. Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society, 141 (690). pp. 1572-1585. ISSN 1477-870X doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2459

Z

Zappa, G., Hawcroft, M. K., Shaffrey, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2696-752X, Black, E. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1344-6186 and Brayshaw, D. J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3927-4362 (2015) Extratropical cyclones and the projected decline of winter Mediterranean precipitation in the CMIP5 models. Climate Dynamics, 45 (7-8). pp. 1727-1738. ISSN 0930-7575 doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-014-2426-8

Zappa, G., Hoskins, B. J. and Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2015) Improving climate change detection through optimal seasonal averaging: the case of the North Atlantic jet and European precipitation. Journal of Climate, 28 (16). pp. 6381-6397. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00823.1

Zappa, G., Hoskins, B. J. and Shepherd, T. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6631-9968 (2015) The dependence of wintertime Mediterranean precipitation on the atmospheric circulation response to climate change. Environmental Research Letters, 10 (10). 104012. ISSN 1748-9326 doi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/10/10/104012

Zhang, Q.-H., Lockwood, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7397-2172, Foster, J. C., Zhang, S.-R., Zhang, B.-C., McCrea, I. W., Moen, J., Lester, M. and Ruohoniemi, J. M. (2015) Direct observations of the full Dungey convection cycle in the polar ionosphere for southward interplanetary magnetic field conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics, 120 (6). pp. 4519-4530. ISSN 2169-9402 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JA021172

Zhang, W., Li, H., Jin, F. F., Stuecker, M. F., Turner, A. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876 and Klingaman, N. P. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2927-9303 (2015) The annual-cycle modulation of meridional asymmetry in ENSO’s atmospheric response and its dependence on ENSO zonal structure. Journal of Climate, 28 (14). pp. 5795-5812. ISSN 1520-0442 doi: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00724.1

Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Jin, F.-F., Stuecker, M. F. and Turner, A. G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0642-6876 (2015) Impact of different El Niño types on the El Niño/IOD relationship. Geophysical Research Letters, 42 (20). pp. 8570-8576. ISSN 0094-8276 doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015GL065703